如何在ethers.js ABI中定义结构体数组类型的返回值

安全阿岳

2026-10-1

解决方案

Ethers的人类可读ABI格式默认无法识别自定义结构体名称，需要把结构体显式声明为tuple类型，有两种常用修改方案：

方案1：使用人类可读ABI（无需修改为JSON格式）

直接将返回值中的Stake[]替换为对应结构的tuple数组声明，字段顺序和类型完全和你定义的Stake结构体对齐即可，修改后的ABI如下：

const stakingAbi = [
    'function getStakes(address user) external view returns (tuple(uint16 bonusPercentage, uint40 unlockTimestamp, uint128 amount, bool withdrawn)[])',
    'function stake7Days(uint128 _amount) external whenNotPaused',
    'function stake14Days(uint128 _amount) external whenNotPaused',
    'function stake30Days(uint128 _amount) external whenNotPaused',
    'function stake90Days(uint128 _amount) external whenNotPaused'
]

调用getStakes后返回的数组每一项都会自动解析为对应字段的对象，可以直接按属性名访问。

方案2：使用标准JSON格式ABI（兼容性更强）

如果后续还有更多自定义结构体，更推荐用标准JSON ABI，getStakes对应的ABI片段如下，完整ABI可以直接从合约编译产物的abi字段复制：

{
  "inputs": [{"internalType": "address", "name": "user", "type": "address"}],
  "name": "getStakes",
  "outputs": [
    {
      "internalType": "struct Stake[]",
      "name": "",
      "type": "tuple[]",
      "components": [
        {"internalType": "uint16", "name": "bonusPercentage", "type": "uint16"},
        {"internalType": "uint40", "name": "unlockTimestamp", "type": "uint40"},
        {"internalType": "uint128", "name": "amount", "type": "uint128"},
        {"internalType": "bool", "name": "withdrawn", "type": "bool"}
      ]
    }
  ],
  "stateMutability": "view",
  "type": "function"
}