Django跨App传递数据无法导入name字段ImportError报错如何解决

错误原因汇总 #

1. 直接触发ImportError的核心问题 #

你在question.models.py中写的from accounts.models import name是错误写法：name是UserInformation模型类的字段属性，不是accounts.models模块的顶层导出变量，无法直接导入。

2. accounts.models存在的其他错误 #

• 模型没有定义id_code字段，但你在逻辑中直接使用了self.id_code，运行会触发属性不存在报错
• __str__方法缩进错误、没有返回值，且你把生成id_code的逻辑错误写在了__str__方法中，同时先调用self.save()再调用父类save会触发无限递归
• 你自定义了id字段为CharField，覆盖了Django默认的自增主键，如果没有特殊需求建议删除该自定义字段，或显式标注primary_key=True
• 视图中用到了form.instance.user = request.user，但模型中没有定义关联系统用户的user外键字段

3. question.models存在的其他错误 #

• QuestionOne、QuestionTwo模型没有定义name字段，但你在__str__方法中直接返回self.name，会触发属性不存在报错
• 代码中用到了choices=point，但没有定义point选项变量，运行会报错
• 没有关联UserInformation的逻辑，无法自动同步id_code

4. question.forms存在的错误 #

• QuestionTwoForm的Meta中model属性错写为QuestionOne，和实际字段不匹配，表单无法正常使用

修正后代码示例 #

accounts/models.py #

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class UserInformation(models.Model):
    # 关联系统用户，和你视图中的逻辑对应
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="user_info")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    lastname = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    birthday = models.DateField()
    age = models.CharField(max_length=2)
    # 补充缺失的id_code字段
    id_code = models.CharField(max_length=250, unique=True, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        # 补充return语句，逻辑放在正确的缩进层级
        return f"{self.name}_{self.lastname}_{self.birthday.year}"

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # id_code生成逻辑放在save方法中，避免无限递归
        if not self.id_code:
            self.id_code = f"{self.name}_{self.lastname}_{self.birthday.year}"
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

question/models.py #

from django.db import models
# 正确导入UserInformation类，而非直接导入字段
from accounts.models import UserInformation

# 补充你自定义的选项point，根据实际需求修改
point = (
    ("1", "1分"),
    ("2", "2分"),
    ("3", "3分"),
)

class QuestionOne(models.Model):
    # 外键关联用户信息，方便直接获取对应字段
    user_info = models.ForeignKey(UserInformation, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="q1_records")
    question_1a = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    question_2a = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    question_3a = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    id_code = models.CharField(max_length=250) 

    def __str__(self):
        # 从关联的用户信息对象获取name字段
        return f"{self.user_info.name}_question_1"

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # 自动同步id_code，无需手动赋值
        if not self.id_code:
            self.id_code = self.user_info.id_code
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

class QuestionTwo(models.Model):
    user_info = models.ForeignKey(UserInformation, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="q2_records")
    question_1b = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    question_2b = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    question_3b = models.CharField(max_length=250, choices=point)
    id_code = models.CharField(max_length=250) 

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user_info.name}_question_2"

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.id_code:
            self.id_code = self.user_info.id_code
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

question/forms.py #

from django import forms
from .models import QuestionOne, QuestionTwo

class QuestionOneForm(forms.ModelForm):
   class Meta:
       model = QuestionOne
       fields = ('question_1a', 'question_2a', 'question_3a')

class QuestionTwoForm(forms.ModelForm):
   class Meta:
       # 修正model指向错误
       model = QuestionTwo
       fields = ('question_1b', 'question_2b', 'question_3b')

保存答题的视图示例 #

# 以保存QuestionOne为例，QuestionTwo同理
def submit_question1(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = QuestionOneForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            # 绑定当前登录用户对应的UserInformation
            form.instance.user_info = request.user.user_info
            form.save()
            return redirect('home')
    else:
        form = QuestionOneForm()
    return render(request, 'submit_q1.html', {'form': form})

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kome Gognome