列表推导式应用：合并二维列表中重复单词的多组释义 保证单词唯一

实现思路 #

• 用字典作为临时存储结构，键为唯一单词，值为「单词 + 所有对应释义」的列表
• 遍历原始二维列表，遇到已存在的单词就把新释义追加到对应列表中，不存在就新建条目
• 最终提取字典所有值即可得到目标格式的结果

实现代码 #

# 示例输入
list_of_lists = [
  ['absorption', 'a process in which one substance permeates another'],
  ['absorption', 'when radiated energy is retained on passing through a medium'],
  ['aerobic', 'depending on free oxygen or air'],
  ['aerobic', 'enhancing respiratory and circulatory efficiency'],
  ['chain reaction', 'a self-sustaining nuclear reaction'],
  ['chain reaction', 'a series of chemical reactions in which the product of one is a reactant in the next']
]

# 临时字典存储合并结果
word_dict = {}
for word, definition in list_of_lists:
    # 单词不存在则新建条目，存在则追加释义
    if word not in word_dict:
        word_dict[word] = [word]
    word_dict[word].append(definition)

# 转成要求的输出格式
result = list(word_dict.values())

# 打印验证
for item in result:
    print(item)

运行输出 #

['absorption', 'a process in which one substance permeates another', 'when radiated energy is retained on passing through a medium']
['aerobic', 'depending on free oxygen or air', 'enhancing respiratory and circulatory efficiency']
['chain reaction', 'a self-sustaining nuclear reaction', 'a series of chemical reactions in which the product of one is a reactant in the next']

兼容说明 #

Python 3.7及以上版本默认字典会保留元素插入顺序，和单词首次出现的顺序完全一致；如果使用低于3.7的版本需要保序，可改用collections.OrderedDict实现：

from collections import OrderedDict

word_dict = OrderedDict()
for word, definition in list_of_lists:
    if word not in word_dict:
        word_dict[word] = [word]
    word_dict[word].append(definition)

result = list(word_dict.values())

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者turineumann