Tkinter毕业设计：基于Combobox选中值控制Canvas风险矩阵内棋子移动求助

核心问题梳理 #

• 原move_image函数的非空判断逻辑错误，仅校验了可能性下拉框的取值不为空，未正确校验影响下拉框的取值
• 无需写24个if分支判断坐标，可提前预设每个影响等级、可能性等级对应的棋盘坐标，通过字典直接取值即可，逻辑更简洁不易出错
• 原代码中满足首个if条件就触发return，直接终止了函数执行，导致后续的棋子移动逻辑不会运行
• 你给tk.Canvas打补丁新增的abs_move方法多传了冗余的canvas参数，方法内部的self本身就是当前Canvas实例
• 原代码存在笔误：导入ttk时误写为tkk，重复导入tkinter模块

预设坐标规则说明 #

你可以根据自己的矩阵网格实际尺寸调整下面的坐标映射，这里我们假设影响等级1-5对应X轴坐标依次递增，可能性等级1-5对应Y轴坐标依次递增，你可以自行替换映射值适配你的矩阵图片：

# 影响等级对应X坐标，可根据实际网格调整
impact_x_map = {1: 100, 2: 180, 3: 260, 4: 340, 5: 420}
# 可能性等级对应Y坐标，可根据实际网格调整
likelihood_y_map = {1: 380, 2: 300, 3: 220, 4: 140, 5: 60}

修正后完整代码 #

import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from tkinter import ttk

def abs_move(self, _object, new_x, new_y, speed=10):
    # 获取棋子当前位置
    x, y, *_ = self.bbox(_object)
    # 移动到目标位置
    self.move(_object, new_x-x, new_y-y)
# 给Canvas打补丁新增绝对移动方法
tk.Canvas.abs_move = abs_move

def on_button_pressed(event):
    global canvas
    global chesspiece
    start_x = canvas.canvasx(event.x)
    start_y = canvas.canvasy(event.y)
    print("start_x, start_y =", start_x, start_y)

# 根据下拉框取值移动棋子
def move_image():
    global canvas
    global chesspiece
    global totalvalues
    # 正确判断两个下拉框都有取值
    if combo_impact.get() != '' and combo_likelihood.get() != '':
        # 获取对应的等级值
        impact_level_val = impactDict[combo_impact.get()]
        likelihood_level_val = likelihoodDict[combo_likelihood.get()]
        totalvalues = impact_level_val * likelihood_level_val
        # 获取对应的坐标
        target_x = impact_x_map[impact_level_val]
        target_y = likelihood_y_map[likelihood_level_val]
        # 移动棋子
        canvas.abs_move(chesspiece, target_x, target_y)
        # 风险等级判断可在这里统一写，不用每个分支都return
        if totalvalues <= 3:
            risk_tip = "可忽略风险"
        elif totalvalues <= 8:
            risk_tip = "低风险"
        elif totalvalues <= 15:
            risk_tip = "中风险"
        else:
            risk_tip = "高风险"
        print(risk_tip)
    total.configure(text="风险评分 : " + str(totalvalues))

# 等级映射字典
impactDict = {'灾难性': 5, '严重': 4, '较大': 3, '中等': 2, '轻微':1}
likelihoodDict = {'几乎确定': 5, '很可能': 4, '可能': 3, '不太可能': 2, '罕见':1}

# 坐标映射字典，可根据你的矩阵实际尺寸调整数值
impact_x_map = {1: 100, 2: 180, 3: 260, 4: 340, 5: 420}
likelihood_y_map = {1: 380, 2: 300, 3: 220, 4: 140, 5: 60}

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("1356x750")
root.state("zoomed")
root.configure(bg='Dodgerblue4')
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=650, height=450,bg="black")
canvas.grid(row=3, column=5, pady=20)
button = tk.Button(root, text="计算风险", command=move_image)
button.grid(row=2, column=0)
# 注意替换成你自己的矩阵图片路径
img2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file="65.png")
image_on_canvas = canvas.create_image(0, 0, image=img2, anchor='nw')
canvas.bind("<Button-1>", on_button_pressed)
# 注意替换成你自己的棋子图片路径
risklevel = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file="king5.png")
chesspiece= canvas.create_image(93,302,image=risklevel)

tk.Label(root, text='法律风险影响程度', bd=3, bg='Dodgerblue4', fg='white').grid(row=0, column=0)
var_impact = tk.StringVar()
combo_impact = ttk.Combobox(root, values=list(impactDict.keys()), justify="center", textvariable=var_impact)
combo_impact.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", lambda event: impact_level.config(text=impactDict[var_impact.get()]))
combo_impact.grid(row=0, column=1)
combo_impact.current(0)

impact_level = tk.Label(root, text="", bg='Dodgerblue4', fg='white')
impact_level.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10)

tk.Label(root, text='法律风险发生概率', bd=3, bg='Dodgerblue4', fg='white').grid(row=1, column=0)
var_likelihood = tk.StringVar()
combo_likelihood = ttk.Combobox(root, values=list(likelihoodDict.keys()), justify="center", textvariable=var_likelihood)
combo_likelihood.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", lambda event: likelihood_level.config(text=likelihoodDict[var_likelihood.get()]))
combo_likelihood.grid(row=1, column=1)
combo_likelihood.current(0)

likelihood_level = tk.Label(root, text="", bg='Dodgerblue4', fg='white')
likelihood_level.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=10)

totalvalues = '无'
total = tk.Label(root,text="", bg='Dodgerblue4', fg='white' )
total.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

root.mainloop()

调整说明 #

点击画布上的矩阵格子，控制台会打印对应的坐标，把这些坐标替换到impact_x_map和likelihood_y_map里对应的等级位置，就能适配你自己的风险矩阵图片尺寸。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者henoker