如何基于含命名空间和属性的XML文件生成对应的C# Model类

方案一：使用官方工具自动生成（推荐，不易出错） #

你可以直接用.NET 自带的架构生成工具自动生成完整模型类，步骤如下：

1. 将你提供的XML内容保存为soap.xml文件
2. 打开Visual Studio开发者命令提示符，或dotnet CLI环境：
   • 若是.NET Framework环境，执行命令生成XSD架构文件：xsd.exe soap.xml /outputdir:.
   • 若是.NET Core/.NET 5+环境，先安装工具：dotnet tool install --global dotnet-xsd，再执行生成命令：dotnet xsd soap.xml /outputdir:.
3. 基于生成的XSD文件生成C#类：
   • .NET Framework：xsd.exe soap.xsd /classes /language:CS /outputdir:.
   • .NET Core/.NET 5+：dotnet xsd soap.xsd /classes /language:CS /outputdir:.
     生成的类会自动处理所有命名空间映射、可空属性、Getter/Setter方法，直接拿来用即可。

方案二：手动编写模型类 #

如果需要手动控制类结构，首先需要引用命名空间System.Xml.Serialization，XML中的前缀（s、a、i等）只是命名空间别名，你只需要在类的特性上绑定别名对应的完整命名空间地址即可，不需要把前缀写到类名里。
完整模型类代码如下：

using System.Xml.Serialization;

/// <summary>
/// 对应s:Envelope根节点
/// </summary>
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Envelope", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
public class Envelope
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    public Body Body { get; set; }
}

public class Body
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "GetAllowedCategoryTree", Namespace = "http://www.cdiscount.com")]
    public GetAllowedCategoryTree GetAllowedCategoryTree { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(Namespace = "http://www.cdiscount.com")]
public class GetAllowedCategoryTree
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "headerMessage")]
    public HeaderMessage HeaderMessage { get; set; }
}

public class HeaderMessage
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Context", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public Context Context { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Localization", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public Localization Localization { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Security", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public Security Security { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Version", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public string Version { get; set; }
}

public class Context
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "CatalogID", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public int CatalogID { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "CustomerPoolID", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public int CustomerPoolID { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "SiteID", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public int SiteID { get; set; }
}

public class Localization
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Country", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public string Country { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Currency", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public string Currency { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "DecimalPosition", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public int DecimalPosition { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Language", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public string Language { get; set; }
}

public class Security
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "DomainRightsList", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages", IsNullable = true)]
    public string DomainRightsList { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "IssuerID", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages", IsNullable = true)]
    public string IssuerID { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "SessionID", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages", IsNullable = true)]
    public string SessionID { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "SubjectLocality", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages", IsNullable = true)]
    public string SubjectLocality { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "TokenId", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages")]
    public string TokenId { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(ElementName = "UserName", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages", IsNullable = true)]
    public string UserName { get; set; }
}

序列化/反序列化注意事项 #

如果需要序列化模型为指定格式的XML，需要提前配置命名空间和前缀的映射关系，示例代码：

var ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
ns.Add("s", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
ns.Add("a", "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Cdiscount.Framework.Core.Communication.Messages");
ns.Add("i", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");

// 序列化时传入ns参数即可生成带对应前缀的XML
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Envelope));
using var writer = new StreamWriter("output.xml");
serializer.Serialize(writer, new Envelope(), ns);

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Daniel Onica