如何验证Microsoft聊天机器人中AdaptiveCard的TextInput控件？

针对你在Microsoft Bot Framework中使用Adaptive Card收集用户信息时的验证需求，我整理了几种更完善的实现方案，结合前端Adaptive Card自带能力和后端C#规范验证机制，能覆盖从即时反馈到安全校验的全场景：

1. 利用Adaptive Card自身的前端验证（无需后端交互） #

Adaptive Card的TextInput控件本身支持内置验证规则，能在用户提交前就给出即时反馈，大幅提升交互体验：

• IsRequired：标记字段为必填，提交时空值会触发默认提示
• Style：指定输入风格（如Email/Tel），客户端会自动匹配对应格式验证
• Pattern：自定义正则表达式，精准控制输入格式
• ErrorMessage：自定义验证失败时显示的提示文本

修改你的Adaptive Card代码，加入这些验证规则：

var card = new AdaptiveCard() {
    Body = new List<CardElement>() {
        new TextBlock() { Text = "Email" },
        new TextInput() { 
            Id = "Email", 
            Placeholder = "Enter your email", 
            Style = TextInputStyle.Email, 
            IsRequired = true,
            // 自定义邮箱正则（也可依赖Style自带验证）
            Pattern = @"^[\w-\.]+@([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]{2,4}$",
            ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid email address"
        },
        new TextBlock() { Text = "Mobile" },
        new TextInput() { 
            Id = "Mobile", 
            Placeholder = "+(country code)(Your Phone Number)", 
            Style = TextInputStyle.Tel, 
            IsRequired = true,
            // 国际手机号正则示例
            Pattern = @"^\+[1-9]\d{1,14}$",
            ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid international phone number (e.g., +1234567890)"
        },
    },
    Actions = new List<ActionBase>() {
        new SubmitAction() { Title = "Submit" }
    }
};
Attachment attachment = new Attachment() { ContentType = AdaptiveCard.ContentType, Content = card };

2. 后端C#使用DataAnnotations属性验证 #

在后端，你可以借助.NET的DataAnnotations特性给PersonalInfo类添加标准化验证规则，让验证逻辑更可复用、更规范：

首先更新你的PersonalInfo类：

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

public class PersonalInfo
{
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Email is required")]
    [EmailAddress(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid email address")]
    public string Email { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Phone number is required")]
    [Phone(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid phone number")]
    public string Phone { get; set; }
}

然后修改GetErrorMessage方法，用Validator类自动执行验证：

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public string GetErrorMessage(PersonalInfo personalInfo)
{
    var validationContext = new ValidationContext(personalInfo);
    var validationResults = new List<ValidationResult>();
    
    bool isValid = Validator.TryValidateObject(personalInfo, validationContext, validationResults, validateAllProperties: true);
    
    if (!isValid)
    {
        // 拼接所有错误信息为可读性强的文本
        return string.Join("\n", validationResults.Select(r => r.ErrorMessage));
    }
    
    return string.Empty;
}

3. 前端+后端的完整验证流程 #

前端验证可以提升用户体验，但可能被绕过，所以建议结合两者：

1. 前端用Adaptive Card内置规则做即时校验，减少无效提交
2. 后端用DataAnnotations做最终校验，确保数据合规性

在MessageReceivedAsync中，你可以保留现有逻辑，同时优化错误反馈方式：

protected async Task MessageReceivedAsync(IDialogContext context, IAwaitable<IMessageActivity> result) {
    var message = await result;
    PersonalInfo userinfo = new PersonalInfo();
    if (message.Value != null) {
        dynamic formvalue = message.Value;
        if (formvalue != null) {
            userinfo.Email = GetValue((JObject)formvalue, "Email");
            userinfo.Phone = GetValue((JObject)formvalue, "Mobile");
            var error = GetErrorMessage(userinfo);
            IMessageActivity replyMessage = context.MakeMessage();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(error)) {
                replyMessage.Text = $"Oops, we found some issues:\n{error}";
                // 可选：重新发送Adaptive Card让用户直接修正
                // replyMessage.Attachments = new List<Attachment> { attachment };
                await context.PostAsync(replyMessage);
            } else {
                // 保存到服务总线的逻辑
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sbConnectionString) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(queueName))
                    await MainAsync(sbConnectionString, queueName, userinfo);
                replyMessage.Text = "Thank you for taking the time! \n We've submitted your query and an agent will get back to you soon. \n\n Have a great day!";
                await context.PostAsync(replyMessage);
                context.Done(true);
            }
        }
    }
}

额外优化：自定义复杂验证 #

如果需要更特殊的验证逻辑（比如手机号和地区绑定、字段间关联校验），可以在GetErrorMessage中添加自定义判断：

public string GetErrorMessage(PersonalInfo personalInfo)
{
    var validationContext = new ValidationContext(personalInfo);
    var validationResults = new List<ValidationResult>();
    
    bool isValid = Validator.TryValidateObject(personalInfo, validationContext, validationResults, validateAllProperties: true);
    
    // 自定义验证：手机号长度检查示例
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(personalInfo.Phone) && personalInfo.Phone.Length < 10)
    {
        validationResults.Add(new ValidationResult("Phone number must be at least 10 characters long"));
        isValid = false;
    }
    
    if (!isValid)
    {
        return string.Join("\n", validationResults.Select(r => r.ErrorMessage));
    }
    
    return string.Empty;
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Qaisar Shabbir Awan