Python如何将DataFrame与图片同时嵌入邮件HTML正文

错误原因说明 #

• 不能重复调用add_alternative添加HTML内容：multipart/alternative结构用于存放不同类型的同一份内容（比如纯文本版、HTML版），重复添加HTML会导致结构异常触发contentmanager相关报错
• 无需将DataFrame表格单独添加为附件/关联资源，直接将df.to_html()生成的表格代码插入到原有HTML模板即可，format支持同时传入多个占位符，不存在被图片逻辑占用的问题

完整修改代码 #

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import smtplib
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from email.message import EmailMessage
from email.headerregistry import Address
from email.utils import make_msgid

# 1. 构造测试用DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame(
    {'A': [419,382, 382, 382, 411, 411, 411],
     'B': [2,2,3,3,3,3,6],
     'C': np.random.randn(7)*10,
     'D': list('abcdefg')
    }
)
# 转HTML时可加样式参数，比如显示边框、隐藏索引
df_html = df.to_html(border=1, index=False)

# 2. 构造邮件基础信息
msg = EmailMessage()
msg['Subject'] = "Ayons asperges pour le déjeuner"
msg['From'] = Address("Pepé Le Pew", "pepe", "example.com")
msg['To'] = (Address("Penelope Pussycat", "penelope", "example.com"),
             Address("Fabrette Pussycat", "fabrette", "example.com"))
msg.set_content("""\
Salut!

Cela ressemble à un excellent recipie[1] déjeuner.

[1] http://www.yummly.com/recipe/Roasted-Asparagus-Epicurious-203718

--Pepé
""")

# 3. 构造HTML模板，新增表格占位符{df_table}
asparagus_cid = make_msgid()
msg.add_alternative("""\
<html>
  <head></head>
  <body>
    <p>Salut!</p>
    <p>Cela ressemble à un excellent
        <a href="http://www.yummly.com/recipe/Roasted-Asparagus-Epicurious-203718">
            recipie
        </a> déjeuner.
    </p>
    <h3>数据表格</h3>
    {df_table}
    <br>
    <img src="cid:{asparagus_cid}" />
  </body>
</html>
""".format(
    asparagus_cid=asparagus_cid[1:-1],
    df_table=df_html
), subtype='html')

# 4. 添加关联图片
with open("roasted-asparagus.jpg", 'rb') as img:
    msg.get_payload()[1].add_related(img.read(), 'image', 'jpeg',
                                     cid=asparagus_cid)

# 5. 本地存储/发送邮件
with open('outgoing.msg', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(bytes(msg))

with smtplib.SMTP('localhost') as s:
    s.send_message(msg)

注意事项 #

如果需要调整表格样式，可以直接对df.to_html()生成的字符串做替换，比如给表格加内联CSS样式，适配不同邮件客户端的显示规则。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者gregV