如何在GitHub Workflow触发push事件时运行Python文件？

问题根源 #

GitHub Actions中每个job默认运行在完全独立的全新虚拟机实例上，不同job之间的环境、文件不会共享。你的sending-email任务没有执行仓库代码拉取操作，所以运行器的工作目录里根本不存在send_email.py文件，就会触发找不到文件的报错。

解决步骤 #

1. 给sending-email任务添加上拉取仓库代码的步骤，和你第一个任务里的拉取代码步骤一致即可，建议将旧版的actions/checkout@v2升级到更稳定的最新v4版本
2. 可选：如果你的Python脚本有第三方依赖，还需要补充设置Python环境、安装依赖的步骤

修改后的完整workflow代码如下：

name: GitHub Actions Demo
on: [push]
jobs:
  Explore-GitHub-Actions:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: echo "🎉 The job was automatically triggered by a ${{ github.event_name }} event."
      - run: echo "🐧 This job is now running on a ${{ runner.os }} server hosted by GitHub!"
      - run: echo "🔎 The name of your branch is ${{ github.ref }} and your repository is ${{ github.repository }}."
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - run: echo "💡 The ${{ github.repository }} repository has been cloned to the runner."
      - run: echo "🖥️ The workflow is now ready to test your code on the runner."
      - name: List files in the repository
        run: |
          ls ${{ github.workspace }}
      - run: echo "🍏 This job's status is ${{ job.status }}."

  sending-email:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      # 新增拉取仓库代码的步骤
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      # 可选：如果需要指定Python版本、安装依赖，取消注释下面的步骤即可
      # - name: Set up Python
      #   uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      #   with:
      #     python-version: '3.11' # 替换为你实际使用的Python版本
      # - name: Install dependencies
      #   run: pip install -r requirements.txt # 存在依赖文件时启用
      - name: send email
        run: |
          python ./send_email.py

额外排查方案 #

如果添加拉取代码步骤后依然报错，可以在运行Python脚本前新增目录文件打印步骤，确认文件路径是否匹配：

- name: Check workspace files
  run: ls -la ${{ github.workspace }}

如果send_email.py不在仓库根目录，将执行路径替换为实际的相对路径即可，比如存放在scripts目录下就修改为python ./scripts/send_email.py。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者DolenDeori