Azure DevOps构建ASP.NET Core 6项目报NETSDK1045错误如何解决

这个NETSDK1045报错是Azure DevOps构建代理环境的SDK版本不匹配导致的：你本地安装了.NET 6不影响流水线环境，当前流水线默认调用了.NET 5 SDK，无法编译目标框架为net6.0的项目。你用的默认yml是Azure DevOps给传统.NET Framework的ASP.NET项目推荐的配置，本身不适配.NET Core项目。

• 首先在流水线yml的steps最顶部添加UseDotNet任务，显式安装.NET 6 SDK，确保构建环境使用正确的SDK版本：

steps:
# 新增的SDK安装任务放在所有步骤最前面
- task: UseDotNet@2
  inputs:
    packageType: 'sdk'
    version: '6.x'
    installationPath: $(Agent.ToolsDirectory)/dotnet

# 原有其他步骤放在后面

• 更稳妥的方式是替换原有针对传统ASP.NET的构建步骤，改用适配.NET Core的DotNetCoreCLI任务，替换后完整配置参考：

trigger:
- master

pool:
  vmImage: 'windows-latest'

variables:
  solution: '**/*.sln'
  buildConfiguration: 'Release'

steps:
- task: UseDotNet@2
  inputs:
    packageType: 'sdk'
    version: '6.x'
    installationPath: $(Agent.ToolsDirectory)/dotnet

- task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
  inputs:
    command: 'restore'
    projects: '$(solution)'

- task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
  inputs:
    command: 'build'
    projects: '$(solution)'
    arguments: '--configuration $(buildConfiguration)'

- task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
  inputs:
    command: 'test'
    projects: '$(solution)'
    arguments: '--configuration $(buildConfiguration)'

- task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
  inputs:
    command: 'publish'
    publishWebProjects: true
    arguments: '--configuration $(buildConfiguration) --output $(build.artifactStagingDirectory)'
    zipAfterPublish: true

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
  inputs:
    PathtoPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
    ArtifactName: 'drop'

• 如果你要保留原有VSBuild任务，只需在VSBuild@1的inputs参数中新增指定VS版本的配置即可：

- task: VSBuild@1
  inputs:
    solution: '$(solution)'
    vsVersion: '17.0' # 指定使用VS2022构建，对应版本号17.x
    msbuildArgs: '/p:DeployOnBuild=true /p:WebPublishMethod=Package /p:PackageAsSingleFile=true /p:SkipInvalidConfigurations=true /p:PackageLocation="$(build.artifactStagingDirectory)"'
    platform: '$(buildPlatform)'
    configuration: '$(buildConfiguration)'

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Richard77