Python多格式链式转换中JSON转XML写入文件报错如何解决？

• 首次pandas转换报错AttributeError: 'ElementTree' object has no attribute 'tag'：xml.etree.ElementTree.tostring()方法接收的参数是Element节点对象，你传入了封装好的ElementTree对象，导致属性匹配失败；同时tostring()默认返回bytes类型，直接用文本模式写入文件会报错。
• 方案1转换后报KeyError: 'Title'：该方案生成的JSON结构是{动漫标题: {属性字典}}的嵌套对象，根层级没有Title键，Title是子对象的属性。
• 方案2转换后报TypeError: list indices must be integers or slices, not str：该方案生成的JSON是行对象数组，根层级是列表，不能用字符串作为索引取值。

我们采用「方案2生成数组型JSON + 适配数组的XML转换逻辑」的组合方案，兼容性更强，也符合多条目数据集的存储习惯。

第一步：CSV转JSON（直接使用方案2代码即可，仅做微小兼容调整） #

import csv 
import json
import time

def csv_to_json(csvFilePath, jsonFilePath):
    jsonArray = []
      
    with open(csvFilePath, encoding='utf-8') as csvf: 
        csvReader = csv.DictReader(csvf) 
        for row in csvReader: 
            jsonArray.append(row)
  
    with open(jsonFilePath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as jsonf: 
        # 新增ensure_ascii=False避免非ASCII字符乱码
        jsonString = json.dumps(jsonArray, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)
        jsonf.write(jsonString)
          
csvFilePath = r'dataanime.csv'
jsonFilePath = r'g_d_anime.json'

start = time.perf_counter()
csv_to_json(csvFilePath, jsonFilePath)
finish = time.perf_counter()
print(f"转换完成，耗时{finish - start:0.4f}秒")

第二步：修改JSON转XML代码，适配数组结构 #

import json as j
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et

# 加载JSON文件
with open("g_d_anime.json", encoding='utf-8') as json_file:
    anime_list = j.load(json_file)

# 创建根节点
root = et.Element("AnimeList")

# 遍历所有动漫条目，逐个生成Work子节点
for anime in anime_list:
    work_node = et.SubElement(root, "Work")
    # 逐个添加属性，用get方法避免空值/字段缺失报错
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Title").text = anime.get("Title", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Type").text = anime.get("Type", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Episodes").text = anime.get("Episodes", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Status").text = anime.get("Status", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Start airing").text = anime.get("Start airing", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"End airing").text = anime.get("End airing", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Starting season").text = anime.get("Starting season", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Broadcast time").text = anime.get("Broadcast time", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Producers").text = anime.get("Producers", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Licensors").text = anime.get("Licensors", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Studios").text = anime.get("Studios", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Sources").text = anime.get("Sources", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Genres").text = anime.get("Genres", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Duration").text = anime.get("Duration", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Rating").text = anime.get("Rating", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Score").text = anime.get("Score", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Scored by").text = anime.get("Scored by", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Members").text = anime.get("Members", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Favorites").text = anime.get("Favorites", "")
    et.SubElement(work_node,"Description").text = anime.get("Description", "")

# 生成XML字符串，直接传根Element对象而非ElementTree对象，指定编码
xml_str = et.tostring(root, encoding='utf-8', method='xml')

# 用二进制模式写入文件，避免编码转换问题
with open("json_to_xml.xml", 'wb') as outfile:
    # 写入标准XML声明
    outfile.write(b'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n')
    outfile.write(xml_str)

1. 遍历JSON数组的每一个条目生成对应的XML节点，适配多数据的结构
2. 调用tostring()时传入根Element对象而非ElementTree对象，解决属性报错
3. 用dict.get()方法取值，避免字段缺失导致的KeyError
4. 采用二进制模式写入文件，直接输出bytes类型的XML内容，避免编码转换错误

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SassyG