C++如何从加法乘法练习模块返回多个统计值到main并展示汇总数据

以下是针对需求的具体修改步骤和完整可运行代码：

• 调整练习函数的参数设计：将sums()、products()改为接收3个无符号整型引用参数，分别对应正确题数、错误题数、总题数，函数内部直接修改传入的外部变量，无需额外返回值即可实现统计数据回传
• 主函数中新增持久化统计变量：分别定义加法、乘法练习的三类统计变量，初始值设为0，每次调用对应练习函数时传入变量引用，实现多轮练习的数据累加
• 修复原有逻辑bug：原代码菜单中3对应退出，主循环判断条件误写为option !=6，同步修正为option !=3；同时修正菜单中"Pratice"的拼写错误
• 新增退出前统计展示逻辑：用户选择退出后，分别打印加法、乘法模块的统计数据，再计算汇总数据，按表格格式输出

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

// 函数原型修改，新增引用参数用于回传统计数据
int menu();
void sums(unsigned int &correct, unsigned int &wrong, unsigned int &total);
void products(unsigned int &correct, unsigned int &wrong, unsigned int &total);

int main()
{
    srand(time(0));
    int option;
    // 定义加法、乘法练习的统计变量，初始值为0
    unsigned int add_correct = 0, add_wrong = 0, add_total = 0;
    unsigned int mul_correct = 0, mul_wrong = 0, mul_total = 0;

    do {
        option = menu();
        switch (option) {
        case 1: {
            sums(add_correct, add_wrong, add_total);
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            products(mul_correct, mul_wrong, mul_total);
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            cout << endl << "正在退出程序，统计数据如下：" << endl;
            // 打印统计表格
            cout << "==================================================================" << endl;
            cout << left << setw(16) << "练习类型" << setw(12) << "正确题数" << setw(12) << "错误题数" << setw(12) << "总题数" << setw(10) << "正确率" << endl;
            double add_rate = add_total == 0 ? 0 : (double)add_correct / add_total * 100;
            cout << left << setw(16) << "加法练习" << setw(12) << add_correct << setw(12) << add_wrong << setw(12) << add_total << fixed << setprecision(2) << add_rate << "%" << endl;
            double mul_rate = mul_total == 0 ? 0 : (double)mul_correct / mul_total * 100;
            cout << left << setw(16) << "乘法练习" << setw(12) << mul_correct << setw(12) << mul_wrong << setw(12) << mul_total << fixed << setprecision(2) << mul_rate << "%" << endl;
            cout << "------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
            unsigned int total_correct = add_correct + mul_correct;
            unsigned int total_wrong = add_wrong + mul_wrong;
            unsigned int total_all = add_total + mul_total;
            double total_rate = total_all == 0 ? 0 : (double)total_correct / total_all * 100;
            cout << left << setw(16) << "总计" << setw(12) << total_correct << setw(12) << total_wrong << setw(12) << total_all << fixed << setprecision(2) << total_rate << "%" << endl;
            cout << "==================================================================" << endl;
            break;
        }
        default:
            cout << "无效选项，请重新选择" << endl;
        }
    } while (option != 3);
    return 0;
}

int menu()
{
    cout << endl << "请选择操作选项：" << endl;
    cout << "1) 加法练习" << endl;
    cout << "2) 乘法练习" << endl;
    cout << "3) 退出程序" << endl;
    int option;
    cin >> option;
    return option;
}

void sums(unsigned int &quantity_correct_answers, unsigned int &quantity_wrong_answers, unsigned int &quantity_total_questions)
{
    string keepgoing;
    do {
        const int minValue = 10;
        const int maxValue = 99;
        int y = (rand() % (maxValue - minValue + 1)) + minValue;
        int x = (rand() % (maxValue - minValue + 1)) + minValue;
        cout << "请问 " << x << " + " << y << " = ?" << endl;
        int answer;
        cin >> answer;
        if (answer == (x + y)) {
            cout << "太棒了！回答正确！" << endl;
            ++quantity_correct_answers;
            ++quantity_total_questions;
        }
        else {
            cout << "很遗憾，回答错误。" << endl;
            ++quantity_wrong_answers;
            ++quantity_total_questions;
        }
        cout << "当前场次：正确：" << quantity_correct_answers << " 错误：" << quantity_wrong_answers << " 总题数：" << quantity_total_questions << endl;
        cout << "是否继续练习？输入y继续，输入n返回菜单：" << endl;
        cin >> keepgoing;
    } while (keepgoing == "y");
}

void products(unsigned int &quantity_correct_answers, unsigned int &quantity_wrong_answers, unsigned int &quantity_total_questions)
{
    string keepgoing;
    do {
        const int minValueOne = 0;
        const int maxValueOne = 9;
        const int minValueTwo = 10;
        const int maxValueTwo = 99;
        int y = (rand() % (maxValueOne - minValueOne + 1)) + minValueOne;
        int x = (rand() % (maxValueTwo - minValueTwo + 1)) + minValueTwo;
        cout << "请问 " << x << " × " << y << " = ?" << endl;
        int answer;
        cin >> answer;
        if (answer == (x * y)) {
            cout << "太棒了！回答正确！" << endl;
            ++quantity_correct_answers;
            ++quantity_total_questions;
        }
        else {
            cout << "很遗憾，回答错误。" << endl;
            ++quantity_wrong_answers;
            ++quantity_total_questions;
        }
        cout << "当前场次：正确：" << quantity_correct_answers << " 错误：" << quantity_wrong_answers << " 总题数：" << quantity_total_questions << endl;
        cout << "是否继续练习？输入y继续，输入n返回菜单：" << endl;
        cin >> keepgoing;
    } while (keepgoing == "y");
}

用户完成多轮练习选择退出后，会输出类似以下格式的统计表格：

==================================================================
练习类型          正确题数    错误题数    总题数      正确率
加法练习          5           1           6           83.33%
乘法练习          3           2           5           60.00%
------------------------------------------------------------------
总计              8           3           11          72.73%
==================================================================

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user17312577