Django REST Framework如何配置urlpattern处理外键关联资源更新请求

第一步：补充ProjectMaterial详情视图 #

你当前仅实现了ProjectMaterial的列表视图，要实现单条资源的PUT更新，需要新增详情视图，同时重写查询集方法保证操作的是对应项目下的关联资源，修改views.py代码如下：

from rest_framework import generics
from .models import Project, ProjectMaterial
from .serializers import ProjectSerializer, ProjectMaterialSerializer

# 原有视图保持不变
class ProjectList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Project.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectSerializer

class ProjectDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Project.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectSerializer

class ProjectMaterialList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = ProjectMaterialSerializer
    # 重写查询集，过滤当前项目下的所有材料
    def get_queryset(self):
        return ProjectMaterial.objects.filter(project_id=self.kwargs['project_pk'])

# 新增ProjectMaterial详情视图
class ProjectMaterialDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = ProjectMaterialSerializer
    # 重写查询集，确保只操作对应项目下的指定材料
    def get_queryset(self):
        return ProjectMaterial.objects.filter(project_id=self.kwargs['project_pk'])

第二步：配置urlpatterns #

在你的urls.py中添加嵌套路由规则，示例如下：

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    # 原有项目相关路由保持不变
    path('projects/', views.ProjectList.as_view(), name='project-list'),
    path('projects/<int:pk>/', views.ProjectDetail.as_view(), name='project-detail'),
    # 新增项目关联材料的嵌套路由
    path('projects/<int:project_pk>/materials/', views.ProjectMaterialList.as_view(), name='project-material-list'),
    path('projects/<int:project_pk>/materials/<int:pk>/', views.ProjectMaterialDetail.as_view(), name='project-material-detail'),
]

请求使用说明 #

配置完成后，你要修改id为1的Project下id为3的ProjectMaterial的units字段，直接发起PUT请求到地址/projects/1/materials/3/，请求体携带units的新值即可，接口会自动校验该材料是否属于指定项目，避免越权操作。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Wian Spamer