如何为Django的Hotel模型添加多个授权访问用户？

Got it, let's fix this so you can add multiple authorized users to each Hotel. The issue right now is that ForeignKey only links a hotel to one single user—we need a many-to-many relationship to support multiple users. Here are two approaches based on your needs:

1. Basic Many-to-Many (No Extra Metadata) #

If you just need to track which users have access without additional details like roles or authorization dates, update your Hotel model like this:

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models

class Hotel(models.Model):
    # Replace ForeignKey with ManyToManyField for multiple users
    authorized_users = models.ManyToManyField(User, verbose_name="Utilisateurs autorisés")
    code = models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name="Code hôtel", default="N/A")
    contact_rh = models.EmailField(max_length=150,verbose_name="Contact RH", default="N/A")
    contact_gm = models.EmailField(max_length=150,verbose_name="Contact GM", default="N/A")
    payday = models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name="Jour de paye prévu du mois")
    hotel = models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name="Nom de l'hôtel")
    planning = models.ImageField(default='default.jpg', upload_to='Planning mois en cours')
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.hotel

Quick Tips: #

• Django automatically creates a hidden junction table in the database to link hotels and users.
• In the Django admin, you’ll get a multi-select widget to easily add/remove authorized users.
• To access a hotel's users in code: hotel.authorized_users.all()
• To add a user programmatically: hotel.authorized_users.add(user_instance)

2. Many-to-Many with Extra Metadata (e.g., User Role) #

If you need to store additional info about each authorized user (like their role in the hotel, or when they were granted access), use a custom through model to define the junction table explicitly:

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models

class HotelUserAccess(models.Model):
    hotel = models.ForeignKey(Hotel, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    role = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="Rôle", choices=[
        ('manager', 'Manager'),
        ('staff', 'Personnel'),
        ('viewer', 'Observateur')
    ])
    granted_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="Accès accordé le")
    
    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('hotel', 'user')  # Prevent duplicate entries for the same hotel+user

class Hotel(models.Model):
    authorized_users = models.ManyToManyField(
        User,
        through=HotelUserAccess,
        verbose_name="Utilisateurs autorisés"
    )
    # ... keep all your existing fields ...
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.hotel

Key Notes: #

• The through parameter tells Django to use your custom junction model instead of the default one.
• In the admin, register the HotelUserAccess model or add an inline form to the Hotel admin to manage the extra fields easily.
• To access access details: hotel.hoteluseraccess_set.all() returns objects with user, role, and grant date.

Final Steps to Apply Changes #

After modifying your model, run these commands to update the database:

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

That's it! You can now manually add multiple authorized users to each hotel via the Django admin or your custom views.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user11005819