安装Dlib时出现cmake、C++相关报错，已配置cmake仍安装失败求助

我已安装cmake并通过环境变量完成配置，但Dlib依然无法安装。我需要安装Dlib是为了后续安装face-recognition，完整报错日志如下：

\Release\_dlib_pybind11.vcxproj]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\rohit\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-c843pmpx\dlib_fdc8123b6a054d40aa6908544fdd7ce4\setup.py", line 222, in <module>
    setup(
  File "C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 153, in setup
    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
    return orig.install.run(self)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 568, in run
    self.run_command('build')
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
    self.run_command(cmd_name)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "C:\Python310\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\Users\rohit\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-c843pmpx\dlib_fdc8123b6a054d40aa6908544fdd7ce4\setup.py", line 134, in run
    self.build_extension(ext)
  File "C:\Users\rohit\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-c843pmpx\dlib_fdc8123b6a054d40aa6908544fdd7ce4\setup.py", line 174, in build_extension
    subproc
  File "C:\Python310\lib\subprocess.py", line 369, in check_call
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', '--build', '.', '--config', 'Release', '--', '/m']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Python310\python.exe' -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\rohit\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-c843pmpx\\dlib_fdc8123b6a054d40aa6908544fdd7ce4\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\rohit\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-c843pmpx\\dlib_fdc8123b6a054d40aa6908544fdd7ce4\\setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\rohit\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-0xikgbnf\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'C:\Python310\Include\dlib' Check the logs for full command output.

可知该安装过程所需依赖不止cmake，请问如何解决上述报错？

报错根因 #

该报错为Windows平台下Dlib编译失败问题，核心原因是缺少C编译工具链：Dlib是C开发的第三方库，通过pip安装时需要本地编译，仅安装CMake不足以完成编译流程，同时你使用的Python3.10也可能存在和旧版Dlib预编译包不匹配的问题。

修复步骤按优先级从高到低排列 #

• 方案1：直接安装适配Python3.10的预编译Dlib包（无需本地编译，耗时最短）
  直接执行以下命令安装对应版本：
  pip install dlib==19.24.2 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
  19.24.2版本Dlib已经提供Python3.10对应的Windows预编译wheel包，不需要本地编译即可完成安装。
• 方案2：安装完整编译工具链后手动编译
  如果你需要使用自定义版本的Dlib，按以下步骤操作：
  1. 安装微软Visual Studio生成工具，勾选「使用C++的桌面开发」组件，确保安装了MSVC v143+编译工具、对应版本的Windows SDK
  2. 重启电脑让环境变量生效
  3. 重新执行pip install dlib即可完成编译安装
• 方案3：降级Python版本提升兼容性
  如果以上方案都无法正常安装，可将Python版本降级到3.8或3.9，这两个版本对Dlib和后续要装的face-recognition兼容性最好，几乎不会出现编译类报错。

安装验证 #

Dlib安装完成后执行以下命令验证是否正常：
python -c "import dlib;print(dlib.__version__)"
无报错即可继续安装face-recognition：
pip install face-recognition

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rohithaditya