解决WhatsApp自动化脚本Selenium NoSuchElementException及弃用警告问题

一、DeprecationWarning弃用警告修复 #

原因 #

Selenium 4.0及以上版本已完全废弃find_element_by_*系列方法，统一要求使用find_element(By.定位方式, 定位值)的语法调用，你代码里的find_element_by_xpath属于已废弃的写法。同时Chrome驱动加载的executable_path参数也已同步废弃。

修复方法 #

所有find_element_by_xpath替换为标准写法，比如原来的browser.find_element_by_xpath(group_xpath)改为browser.find_element(By.XPATH, group_xpath)；驱动加载改用Service类实现。

二、NoSuchElementException找不到输入框元素修复 #

原因 #

1. 点击群组后硬等待1秒稳定性差，网络或设备卡顿情况下输入框还没渲染完成就执行定位操作
2. 旧版WhatsApp网页版的输入框data-tab属性值为1，新版页面结构更新后该属性值已经变动，原XPath完全失效

修复方法 #

1. 对输入框、群组标题的定位都增加显式等待，确保元素加载完成后再操作
2. 更换更稳定的输入框XPath，使用//footer//div[@contenteditable="true"]定位，不受data-tab属性值变动影响
3. 修正原代码中文件读取的缩进错误，避免语法报错

完整修复后的代码 #

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
import pyperclip
import time
import sys
from config import CHROME_PROFILE_PATH

# 修正Chrome驱动加载写法，适配Selenium4
browser = webdriver.Chrome(
    service=Service('C:/Users/Admin/chromedriver/chromedriver.exe')
)

browser.maximize_window()
browser.get('https://web.whatsapp.com/')

# 修正文件读取缩进错误
with open('C:/flask/new/Login-Page-With-Flask-HTML/src/groups.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8') as f:
    groups = [group.strip() for group in f.readlines()]

with open('C:/flask/new/Login-Page-With-Flask-HTML/src/msg.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8') as f:
    msg = f.read()


for group in groups:
    search_xpath = '//div[@contenteditable="true"][@data-tab="3"]'
    search_box = WebDriverWait(browser, 500).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, search_xpath))
    )
    search_box.clear()
    time.sleep(1)

    pyperclip.copy(group)
    search_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT, Keys.INSERT)
    time.sleep(2)

    # 修正群组定位写法，加显式等待、替换废弃方法
    group_xpath = f'//span[@title="{group}"]'
    group_title = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, group_xpath))
    )
    group_title.click()
    time.sleep(1)

    # 修正输入框定位，换稳定XPath、加显式等待、替换废弃方法
    input_xpath = '//footer//div[@contenteditable="true"]'
    input_box = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, input_xpath))
    )

    pyperclip.copy(msg)
    input_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT, Keys.INSERT)
    input_box.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    time.sleep(2)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者PRAJAKTA BARDE