使用django-filter时如何根据不同FilterView动态修改搜索框placeholder

你可以通过动态给FilterSet传参的方式实现占位符的自定义，改动分为两步：

1. 改造MovieFilter支持接收动态placeholder #

修改filters.py代码，移除硬编码的placeholder，重写FilterSet的初始化方法接收外部传入的占位符参数：

import django_filters
from django.forms.widgets import TextInput
from .models import Movie

class MovieFilter(django_filters.FilterSet):
    author = django_filters.CharFilter(
        label='', 
        lookup_expr='contains',
        widget=TextInput() # 此处不要写死placeholder
    )
    
    class Meta:
        model = Movie
        fields = ['author']

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # 先取出自定义的placeholder参数，默认值保留通用搜索提示
        placeholder = kwargs.pop('placeholder', 'Search')
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        # 动态给搜索框组件设置占位符
        self.filters['author'].field.widget.attrs.update({
            'placeholder': placeholder
        })

2. 在不同视图中传入对应占位符 #

FilterView提供了get_filterset_kwargs方法用来传递FilterSet初始化参数，你只需要在两个视图中分别重写该方法，传入对应占位符即可：

#HotTop View
class HotTopView (FilterView):
    model = Movie
    template_name = 'pages/hot_top.html'
    filterset_class = MovieFilter 
    paginate_by = 6

    def get_queryset(self):
        category_qs = self.model.objects.filter(category="HOT-TOP")
        return category_qs.order_by('-date_posted')

    # 新增方法传入自定义placeholder
    def get_filterset_kwargs(self, filterset_class):
        kwargs = super().get_filterset_kwargs(filterset_class)
        kwargs['placeholder'] = 'Search in Hot Top'
        return kwargs

#Odkrycia View
class OdkryciaView (FilterView):
    model = Movie
    template_name = 'pages/odkrycia.html'
    filterset_class = MovieFilter
    paginate_by = 6

    def get_queryset(self):
        category_qs = self.model.objects.filter(category="ODKRYCIA")
        return category_qs.order_by('-date_posted')

    # 新增方法传入自定义placeholder
    def get_filterset_kwargs(self, filterset_class):
        kwargs = super().get_filterset_kwargs(filterset_class)
        kwargs['placeholder'] = 'Search in Odkrycia'
        return kwargs

可选优化：抽离公共父类减少重复代码 #

如果后续还会新增更多分类视图，可以把公共逻辑抽成基类，简化后续开发：

# 先定义公共基类
class BaseMovieCategoryView(FilterView):
    model = Movie
    filterset_class = MovieFilter
    paginate_by = 6
    # 子类只需要定义这三个属性即可
    category = None
    template_name = None
    search_placeholder = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        return self.model.objects.filter(category=self.category).order_by('-date_posted')
    
    def get_filterset_kwargs(self, filterset_class):
        kwargs = super().get_filterset_kwargs(filterset_class)
        kwargs['placeholder'] = self.search_placeholder
        return kwargs

# 子类实现大幅简化
class HotTopView(BaseMovieCategoryView):
    category = "HOT-TOP"
    template_name = 'pages/hot_top.html'
    search_placeholder = "Search in Hot Top"

class OdkryciaView(BaseMovieCategoryView):
    category = "ODKRYCIA"
    template_name = 'pages/odkrycia.html'
    search_placeholder = "Search in Odkrycia"

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Klewiu