如何在Python中不使用matplotlib生成星号组成的垂直直方图

实现思路 #

• 新增全局统计变量，累计记录每类学业进展结果的录入数量
• 单学生结果判定完成后，对应分类计数+1
• 用户输入q触发退出时，按以下逻辑生成纯字符垂直直方图：
  • 取四类计数的最大值作为直方图的总高度，适配任意数量的统计结果
  • 从上到下逐行渲染：每一行遍历四类计数，若当前分类计数大于已渲染行数则输出*，否则输出等宽占位空格，保证列对齐
  • 最后渲染分类名称标签，与上方直方图列一一对应

完整实现代码 #

def get_progress_result(pass_credit, defer_credit, fail_credit):
    # 可根据实际判定规则调整此处逻辑
    if pass_credit == 120:
        return "progress"
    elif fail_credit <= 30 and pass_credit >= 90:
        return "trailing"
    elif fail_credit <= 60:
        return "module retriever"
    else:
        return "exclude"

def draw_vertical_histogram(counts):
    categories = ["Progress", "Trailing", "Module Retriever", "Exclude"]
    max_height = max(counts.values())
    col_width = 18  # 保证列对齐，可根据名称长度调整

    # 渲染星号行，从上到下
    for i in range(max_height):
        line = ""
        for cat in categories:
            if counts[cat.lower()] > i:
                line += "*".ljust(col_width)
            else:
                line += " ".ljust(col_width)
        print(line)
    
    # 渲染分类标签行
    label_line = ""
    for cat in categories:
        label_line += cat.ljust(col_width)
    print(label_line)
    
    # 输出统计数值
    count_line = ""
    for cat in categories:
        count_line += str(counts[cat.lower()]).ljust(col_width)
    print(count_line)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 初始化统计计数器
    result_counts = {
        "progress": 0,
        "trailing": 0,
        "module retriever": 0,
        "exclude": 0
    }

    while True:
        # 录入学分
        try:
            pass_credit = int(input("请输入通过学分："))
            defer_credit = int(input("请输入缓考学分："))
            fail_credit = int(input("请输入不及格学分："))
        except ValueError:
            print("输入无效，请输入数字")
            continue
        
        # 校验总学分是否为120，可根据实际规则调整
        if pass_credit + defer_credit + fail_credit != 120:
            print("总学分需为120，请重新输入")
            continue
        
        # 判定结果并更新统计
        res = get_progress_result(pass_credit, defer_credit, fail_credit)
        print(f"该生学业进展结果：{res}")
        result_counts[res] += 1

        # 询问是否继续
        op = input("输入y继续，输入q退出：").strip().lower()
        if op == 'q':
            print("\n=== 学业进展结果统计垂直直方图 ===")
            draw_vertical_histogram(result_counts)
            break
        elif op != 'y':
            print("无效输入，默认继续")

效果示例 #

如果累计统计结果为progress 3例、trailing 2例、module retriever 1例、exclude 4例，输出的直方图格式如下：

*                 *                 *                 *                 
*                 *                                   *                 
*                                                     *                 
                                                      *                 
Progress           Trailing           Module Retriever  Exclude           
3                  2                  1                  4                 

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者KaranK