使用Selenium通过Recaptcha验证 如何触发无图片校验机制

reCAPTCHA无图片校验触发要求 #

• 浏览器环境无自动化特征：reCAPTCHA会检测navigator.webdriver属性、浏览器启动参数、插件列表、用户代理等特征，默认配置的Selenium驱动存在大量明确的自动化标记，会被直接判定为非人类操作，触发图片校验
• 操作行为符合真人特征：真人点击复选框前会有随机的鼠标移动轨迹、点击时延、停留时间，你代码中直接通过JS执行点击的操作没有对应的鼠标交互事件，特征高度可疑，几乎都会触发强校验
• IP与账号历史正常：当前使用的IP没有频繁的验证请求记录，浏览器有正常的浏览历史与cookie数据，无批量操作痕迹

可行实现方案 #

• 第一步：修改Selenium启动配置，抹去自动化特征
  启动ChromeDriver时添加如下配置，消除默认的识别标记：

  ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
  options.addArguments("--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled");
  options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", Collections.singletonList("enable-automation"));
  options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);
  // 可选：加载已有用户数据目录，复用正常浏览器的cookie与使用记录
  options.addArguments("user-data-dir=C:/Users/你的用户名/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data");
  

• 第二步：替换JS点击为拟人操作
  移除固定10秒的sleep与JS点击逻辑，改用Actions类模拟真人鼠标操作：

  // 替换原有点击逻辑
  Random random = new Random();
  Thread.sleep(1000 + random.nextInt(2000));
  WebElement captchaBox = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("div.recaptcha-checkbox-checkmark"));
  Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
  // 模拟鼠标移动到元素上方，随机偏移
  actions.moveToElement(captchaBox, random.nextInt(10), random.nextInt(10))
      .pause(random.nextInt(500) + 300)
      .click()
      .build()
      .perform();
  

• 第三步：极端情况兼容
  如果调整后仍偶尔触发图片校验，可以接入商用的验证码识别服务，通过接口提交验证码图片获取识别结果，全程无需人工介入。

你提交的原始代码（已格式化） #

SoftAssert Sa = new SoftAssert();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofMillis(20000));
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String FormatMessageInformatife = "<font color='#73a9d0'></br><i class='fas fa-info-circle'></i>- ";
String FormatMessageError = "<font color='#bf3d27'></br><i class='fas fa-times-circle'></i>- ";
String FormatMessageSucces = "<font color='#69c158'></br><i class='fas fa-check-circle'></i>-";
WebElement ClkSignup = driver.findElement(By.id("toggle-button"));
ClkSignup.click();
WebElement ClkSubscribe = driver
        .findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id=\"dialog-07zr\"]/div[@class=\"boutons-yellow\"]/a[1]/button"));
ClkSubscribe.click();
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//div[@class='steps-title']/ul/li[@class='active'][1]/span[normalize-space(text())='Coordonnées']")));
Boolean AccesSubscription = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@class='steps-title']/ul/li[@class='active'][1]/span[normalize-space(text())='Coordonnées']")).size() > 0;
if(AccesSubscription == true) {
    Reporter.log(FormatMessageSucces + " Accessed Subscription </font>");
    WebElement TVAInput = driver.findElement(By.id("create_account_step1_tva"));
    sendHumanKeys(TVAInput,"FR75850236541");
    WebElement EmailInput = driver.findElement(By.id("create_account_step1_mail"));
    sendHumanKeys(EmailInput,"test2021test@gmail.com");
    WebElement PhoneInput = driver.findElement(By.id("create_account_step1_phone"));
    sendHumanKeys(PhoneInput,"0721547861");
    WebElement PwdInput = driver.findElement(By.id("create_account_step1_password_first"));
    sendHumanKeys(PwdInput,"Test07ZR");
    WebElement CPwdInput = driver.findElement(By.id("create_account_step1_password_second"));
    sendHumanKeys(CPwdInput,"Test07ZR");
    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(By.xpath("//iframe[starts-with(@name, 'a-') and starts-with(@src, 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha')]")));
    Thread.sleep(10000);
    WebElement CaptchaClk = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("div.recaptcha-checkbox-checkmark"));
    js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", CaptchaClk);
    WebElement RBClk = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id=\"checkbox\"]/label"));
    js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", RBClk);
    WebElement ClkNext = driver.findElement(By.id("bt"));
    js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", ClkNext);
}else {
    Sa.assertEquals(false, true, "Wasn't abel to acces Subscription");
    ScreenShot(driver);
    Reporter.log(FormatMessageError + " Wasn't abel to acces Subscription</font>");
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Yan