Python遍历tickers存交易策略结果到字典TypeError问题求助

错误原因说明 #

• 第一个报错TypeError: must be str, not list：代码中的tickers是存储多只股票代码的列表，不能直接和路径字符串拼接，必须循环遍历列表中的每一个股票代码单独处理。
• 原meanReversionStrategy函数缺少返回值，且总利润计算逻辑存在错误（仅保留最后一笔交易利润，未累加所有交易利润），同时未处理无交易触发时first_buy为空的除零风险。

完整可运行代码 #

import json


def meanReversionStrategy(prices):
    total_profit = 0
    first_buy = None
    buy = 0
    for i in range(len(prices)):  
        if i >= 5: 
            current_price = prices[i]  
            moving_average = (prices[i-1] + prices[i-2] + prices[i-3] + prices[i-4] + prices[i-5]) / 5
        
            if current_price < moving_average * 0.95 and buy == 0:
                buy = current_price
                print("buy at:  ", round(current_price,2))  
                if first_buy is None:
                    first_buy = buy
                                
    
            elif current_price > moving_average * 1.05 and buy != 0:    
                print("sell at: ", round(current_price,2))
                trade_profit = current_price - buy
                print("trade profit:  ", round(trade_profit,2))
                total_profit += trade_profit
                buy = 0
            
    # 处理无交易触发的边界情况
    if first_buy is None:
        final_profit_percentage = 0
        total_profit = 0
    else:
        final_profit_percentage = (total_profit / first_buy) * 100 
    print("First buy: " ,  round(first_buy,2) if first_buy else 0)
    print("Total profit: " , round(total_profit, 2))
    print("Percentage return: ", round(final_profit_percentage, 2),"%")
    # 新增返回值
    return total_profit, final_profit_percentage

def simpleMovingAverageStrategy(prices):
    i = 0
    buy = 0
    total_profit = 0
    first_buy = 0
    for p in prices:
        if i >= 5: 
            moving_average = (prices[i-1] + prices[i-2] + prices[i-3] + prices[i-4] + prices[i-5]) / 5
            
            if p > moving_average and buy == 0: # 买入逻辑
                print("buying at: ", p)
                buy = p
                if first_buy == 0:
                    first_buy = p
            elif p < moving_average and buy != 0: # 卖出逻辑
                print("selling at: ", p)
                trade_profit = p - buy
                print("trade profit: ", trade_profit)
                total_profit += trade_profit
                buy = 0
        i += 1
    # 处理无交易触发的边界情况
    if first_buy == 0:
        final_percentage = 0
        total_profit = 0
    else:
        final_percentage = (total_profit / first_buy) * 100
    print("first buy: ", first_buy)
    print("total profit: ", total_profit)
    print("final percentage: ", final_percentage, "%")
    
    return total_profit, final_percentage

# 新增保存结果函数
def saveResults(data):
    with open("/home/ubuntu/environment/hw5/results.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        json.dump(data, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)
        
        
tickers = ["AAPL1" , "ADBE" , "BA", "CMCSA", "CSCO", "CVS", "GOOG", "TLSYY","TM"]

results = {}
# 遍历所有股票代码处理
for ticker in tickers:
    print(f"\n===== 处理股票：{ticker} =====")
    # 读取对应股票的价格文件
    file_path = f"/home/ubuntu/environment/hw5/{ticker}.txt"
    with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        lines = f.readlines()
    prices = [float(line.strip()) for line in lines]
    # 存储价格数据
    results[f"{ticker}_prices"] = prices
    # 运行均值回归策略并存结果
    mr_profit, mr_returns = meanReversionStrategy(prices)
    results[f"{ticker}_mr_profit"] = mr_profit
    results[f"{ticker}_mr_returns"] = mr_returns
    # 运行简单移动平均策略并存结果
    sma_profit, sma_returns = simpleMovingAverageStrategy(prices)
    results[f"{ticker}_sma_profit"] = sma_profit
    results[f"{ticker}_sma_returns"] = sma_returns

# 保存最终结果
saveResults(results)

关键修改说明 #

• 修复了均值回归策略的利润累加逻辑，新增返回值，补充了无交易场景的边界处理，符合开发要求
• 新增saveResults函数，负责将结果字典格式化写入json文件
• 新增tickers列表遍历逻辑，按要求将每只股票的价格、两个策略的计算结果存入结果字典
• 替换了直接拼接列表和字符串的错误写法，逐个读取对应股票的价格文件

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者s34052