GeoServer 2.20.3安装WPS插件后启动失败 上下文初始化报错

• 运行环境：本地Windows设备，部署2.20.3版本GeoServer，Web实例通过内置Jetty服务器加载运行
• 故障现象：安装WPS插件时，将插件内*.jar文件放入WEB-INF/inf文件夹后，GeoServer启动加载失败，删除该目录下的对应jar文件后可正常启动
• 具体报错信息如下：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'wmtsCapabilitiesProvider' defined in URL [jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/GeoServer/webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gs-gwc-2.20.3.jar!/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'geoServer' while setting constructor argument;

nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'geoServer' defined in URL [jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/GeoServer/webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gs-main-2.20.3.jar!/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'catalog' while setting bean property 'catalog'; nested exception is

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'localWorkspaceCatalog' defined in URL [jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/GeoServer/webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gs-main-2.20.3.jar!/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'advertisedCatalog' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'advertisedCatalog' defined in URL [jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/GeoServer/webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gs-main-2.20.3.jar!/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'secureCatalog' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'secureCatalog' defined in URL [jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/GeoServer/webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gs-main-2.20.3.jar!/applicationContext.xml]: Bean instantiation via constructor failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.geoserver.security.SecureCatalogImpl]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:314)

该报错是WPS插件安装异常导致Spring上下文初始化失败，按以下步骤修复即可：

• 修正插件存放路径
  GeoServer所有扩展插件的jar包，必须放到webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib目录下。你提到的WEB-INF/inf是错误路径，放错位置会打乱类加载顺序，导致依赖类找不到。
• 核对插件版本匹配度
  下载的WPS插件版本必须和当前运行的GeoServer版本完全一致，也就是必须找2.20.3版本对应的WPS扩展包，大版本、小版本号差一点都不行。版本不匹配的插件会出现类缺失、方法不兼容问题，直接触发空指针导致Bean初始化失败。
• 清理缓存后重启
  完全停止GeoServer进程，把版本匹配的WPS插件所有jar文件复制到正确的lib目录后，删除Jetty的工作缓存：GeoServer安装目录/work文件夹下的全部内容，再重新启动GeoServer就能正常加载WPS功能了。

注意：不要在GeoServer运行状态下往lib目录拷文件，否则会触发文件锁、类加载不完整的问题，所有文件操作都要在服务完全停止后执行。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者HardRock4Life