PowerShell Core 7.2 模块程序集加载冲突问题咨询

运行环境为PowerShell 7.2.4，涉及两个自定义PowerShell Core模块：Net6PowerShellModule与NetstandardPowerShellModule，两个模块的项目文件、代码、清单文件如下：

Net6PowerShellModule 相关文件 #

• Net6PowerShellModule.csproj:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
    <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <None Remove="Net6PowerShellModule.psd1" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <Content Include="Net6PowerShellModule.psd1">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </Content>
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="6.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="System.Management.Automation" Version="7.2.4" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

• Test-Net6Cmdlet.cs:

using System.Management.Automation;

namespace Net6PowerShellModule
{
    [Cmdlet("Test", "Net6Cmdlet")]
    public class TestNet6Cmdlet : PSCmdlet
    {
        protected override void ProcessRecord()
        {
            var type = typeof(Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IServiceCollection);

            WriteObject("Net6 Cmdlet Run.");
        }
    }
}

• Net6PowerShellModule.psd1:

@{
    RootModule = 'Net6PowerShellModule.dll'
    ModuleVersion = '0.0.1'
    GUID = '8c1bd929-32bd-44c3-af6b-d9dd261e34f3'
    CmdletsToExport = 'Test-Net6Cmdlet'
}

NetstandardPowerShellModule 相关文件 #

• NetstandardPowerShellModule.csproj:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
    <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <None Remove="NetstandardPowerShellModule.psd1" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <Content Include="NetstandardPowerShellModule.psd1">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </Content>
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="System.Management.Automation" Version="6.1.2" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

• Test-NetstandardCmdlet.cs:

using System.Management.Automation;

namespace NetstandardPowerShellModule
{
    [Cmdlet("Test", "NetstandardCmdlet")]
    public class TestNetstandardCmdlet : PSCmdlet
    {
        protected override void ProcessRecord()
        {
            var type = typeof(Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IServiceCollection);

            WriteObject("Netstandard 2.0 Cmdlet Run.");
        }
    }
}

• NetstandardPowerShellModule.psd1:

@{
    RootModule = 'NetstandardPowerShellModule.dll'
    ModuleVersion = '0.0.1'
    GUID = 'eef615d0-aecf-4e89-8f4c-53174f8c99d6'
    CmdletsToExport = 'Test-NetstandardCmdlet'
}

针对两个模块共执行两组测试：

• 第一组测试流程：

  • 导入Net6PowerShellModule
  • 导入NetstandardPowerShellModule
  • 执行Test-Net6Cmdlet
  • 执行Test-NetstandardCmdlet

  测试结果：所有命令正常运行，进程中仅加载了6.0.0版本的Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions程序集。

• 第二组测试流程：

  • 导入Net6PowerShellModule
  • 导入NetstandardPowerShellModule
  • 执行Test-NetstandardCmdlet
  • 执行Test-Net6Cmdlet

  测试结果：执行Test-Net6Cmdlet时抛出错误：

  Test-Net6Cmdlet: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=adb9793829ddae60'. Could not find or load a specific file. (0x80131621)

根据Stack Overflow相关技术解答，PowerShell (Core) 7+环境下后续尝试加载不同版本的同名程序集时，本应直接抛出语句终止错误：Assembly with same name is already loaded.，但第一组测试并未触发该错误且可正常运行，该行为与文档描述不符。

若在两个模块的psd1清单文件中都添加RequiredAssemblies = @('Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions.dll')配置，则无论模块加载顺序、命令执行顺序如何，都会触发预期的“同名程序集已加载”错误。

目前已查阅官方PowerShell依赖冲突解决文档、Assembly Load Contexts相关官方技术博客、Stack Overflow相关问答，仍无法解释上述场景的加载行为差异，也无法明确在psd1清单中声明RequiredAssemblies与仅在代码中引用依赖这两种方式的程序集加载逻辑区别。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者semptra