CakePHP 4.0自定义错误模板不生效 无法渲染missingController等异常页

问题背景 #

在CakePHP 3.x版本中，通过继承自AppController的ErrorController、存放于src/Error/目录下的自定义AppExceptionRenderer，可正常实现异常自定义渲染。迁移至4.0版本后，所有错误与异常仅渲染error400或error500页面：

• 错误请求可进入ErrorController::initialize()方法，但无法触发ErrorController的beforeFilter回调（该回调在3.x版本中可正常执行）
• 项目已在Application.php中引入Authentication、Authorization、RequestAuthorization三类中间件
• templates/Error目录下除error400、error500模板外，已存放missingController、missingTemplate、missingAction三类异常对应的3个自定义模板
• 访问不存在的控制器/动作时，4.0版本直接渲染error500页面，3.x版本可正常匹配渲染对应的missingController/missingAction页面

相关代码 #

src/Application.php 中间件配置 #

$middlewareQueue
            ....
            ->add(new AuthenticationMiddleware($this))
            ->add(new AuthorizationMiddleware($this, [
                    'requireAuthorizationCheck' => true,
                    'unauthorizedHandler' => [
                        'className' => 'CustomRedirect',
                        'url' => '/pages/permission',
                        'exceptions' => [
                            'MissingIdentityException' => 'Authorization\Exception\MissingIdentityException',
                            'ForbiddenException' => 'Authorization\Exception\ForbiddenException'
                        ],
                    ],
                ]))
            ->add(new RequestAuthorizationMiddleware());

RequestPolicy 接口 canAccess 方法实现 #

public function canAccess($identity, ServerRequest $request)
{
    $unauthenticatedActions = $request->getAttribute('authentication')->getConfig('unauthenticatedActions');
    if (in_array($request->getParam('action'), $unauthenticatedActions, true)) { 
        return true;
    }
    else if(!empty($identity)){
        // 基于动作和用户角色做权限校验
        $userRole = $identity->role;
        $userStatus = $identity->status;
        $accountType = $identity->accountsubType;
        $action = $request->getParam('action');
        $controller = $request->getParam('controller');

        switch ($controller) {
            case 'Users':
                  if($userRole === 'ADMIN' && $userStatus === 'ACTIVE'){
                     return true;
                  }elseif($action === 'aaa'){
                     // 对应权限判断逻辑
                  }
                  break;
            // 其余控制器权限判断逻辑
            ....
            default:
                // 无匹配控制器名称时默认放行
                return true;
    }
}

src/Error/AppExceptionRenderer.php #

namespace App\Error;

use Cake\Error\ExceptionRenderer;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Cake\Core\Configure;
use Cake\Http\Session;

class AppExceptionRenderer extends ExceptionRenderer
{
    public function render(): ResponseInterface
    {    
        // 自定义变量设置逻辑
        ...
        ...
        return parent::render();
    }
}

templates/Error 目录结构 #

错误堆栈 #

访问不存在的路由/users/random时触发异常，堆栈信息如下：

Error: [Cake\Controller\Exception\MissingActionException] Action UsersController::random() could not be found, or is not accessible. in ../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php on line 500
Exception Attributes: array (
  'controller' => 'UsersController',
  'action' => 'random',
  'prefix' => '',
  'plugin' => NULL,
)
Stack Trace:
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/ControllerFactory.php:77
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php:229
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:77
- .../vendor/cakephp/authorization/src/Middleware/RequestAuthorizationMiddleware.php:102
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/authorization/src/Middleware/AuthorizationMiddleware.php:129
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/authentication/src/Middleware/AuthenticationMiddleware.php:124
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Middleware/BodyParserMiddleware.php:159
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php:160
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php:68
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php:119
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Middleware/EncryptedCookieMiddleware.php:93
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/debug_kit/src/Middleware/DebugKitMiddleware.php:60
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:73
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php:58
- .../vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php:90
- .../webroot/index.php:91

Request URL: /users/random

待解决问题 #

• CakePHP 4.x版本中如何正确配置，才能让missingController等自定义错误模板正常渲染，而非默认返回error500页面
• 如何让错误请求经过ErrorController的beforeFilter回调，以实现自定义日志记录逻辑

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者EssEss