Python遍历动态键嵌套字典提取指定字段导出CSV方法

直接使用Python内置的csv标准库即可完成需求，无需安装第三方依赖，核心是通过遍历results节点的所有值提取目标字段，不需要提前预知动态的设备键名。

完整可运行代码 #

import csv

# 替换为你JSON解析后得到的原始字典
raw_dict = {
  "http_method":"GET",
  "results":{
    "FTKMOB21xxxxD":{
      "serial_number":"FTKMOB21xxxxD",
      "comments":"",
      "q_type":432,
      "license":"EFTM123123123",
      "type":"mobile",
      "user":"pippo",
      "user_type":"user",
      "drift":0,
      "status":{
        "name":"activated"
      }
    },
    "FTKMOB21xxxxF":{
      "serial_number":"FTKMOB21xxxxF",
      "comments":"",
      "q_type":432,
      "license":"EFTM123123123",
      "type":"mobile",
      "drift":0,
      "status":{
        "name":"pending"
      }
    }
  },
  "vdom":"root",
  "path":"user",
  "name":"fortitoken",
  "action":"",
  "status":"success",
  "serial":"FGT_VM",
  "version":"v7.0.5",
  "build":304
}

# 定义CSV表头
headers = ["serial_number", "user", "status"]
rows = []

# 遍历results下所有设备条目，动态键名无需处理，直接取字典值即可
for device in raw_dict["results"].values():
    current_row = {
        "serial_number": device.get("serial_number", ""),
        "user": device.get("user", ""),
        # status是嵌套字典，取内部name字段，缺值时返回空
        "status": device.get("status", {}).get("name", "")
    }
    rows.append(current_row)

# 写入CSV文件
with open("fortitoken_export.csv", "w", encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as f:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=headers)
    writer.writeheader()
    writer.writerows(rows)

关键说明 #

• 不需要硬编码FTKMOB21xxxxD这类动态设备ID，调用字典的values()方法就能直接拿到所有设备的属性字典，直接循环即可
• 写入文件时指定encoding="utf-8-sig"是为了兼容Excel打开时的中文乱码问题，newline=""是Python csv模块的标准要求，避免生成的文件出现多余空行
• 所有字段取值都用get()方法实现，遇到个别设备缺失对应字段时不会抛出KeyError中断脚本，缺失内容会自动填充为空字符串
• 运行后生成的CSV内容如下：

serial_number,user,status
FTKMOB21xxxxD,pippo,activated
FTKMOB21xxxxF,,pending

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Andrea Del Gaudio