如何通过deps.edn别名跨平台编译带分类器的JavaFX uberjar

• JavaFX平台依赖写法错误：Clojure CLI的Maven分类器依赖不能用$拼接在artifact ID后，必须通过依赖配置项的:classifier字段指定
• 平台依赖不全：所有JavaFX组件（base、controls、fxml、graphics等）都需要对应平台的分类器版本，现有配置漏配大量组件，且macOS需要区分Intel（分类器mac）和苹果硅（分类器mac-aarch64）两个版本
• 缺失构建流程配置：仅添加平台依赖不会自动生成带分类器的uberjar，需要搭配官方构建工具指定构建逻辑和输出命名规则
• 全局依赖冲突：在公共:deps节点配置了无分类器的JavaFX依赖，会覆盖平台别名下的带分类器版本，导致原生依赖缺失

{:paths ["./src" "out/ui" "out/identicon"]
 :mvn/repos {"jitpack.io" {:url "https://jitpack.io"}}
 :deps {org.clojure/clojure {:mvn/version "1.10.3"}
        org.clojure/clojurescript {:mvn/version "1.11.4"}
        org.clojure/core.async {:mvn/version "1.3.618"}
        org.clojure/test.check {:git/url "https://github.com/clojure/test.check"
                               :sha "b6a318af92e836f1f20960f38a5944168b88d60d"}
        cheshire/cheshire {:mvn/version "5.10.2"}
        cljfx/cljfx {:git/url "https://github.com/cljfx/cljfx"
                     :sha "29aaef956b22cee774524912a3083ed651033f1b"
                     :exclusions [org.openjfx/javafx-controls
                                  org.openjfx/javafx-base
                                  org.openjfx/javafx-fxml
                                  org.openjfx/javafx-graphics
                                  org.openjfx/javafx-media
                                  org.openjfx/javafx-web]}
        ;; 其余非JavaFX的公共依赖（Ripley、Genie、Zazu、shadow-cljs、ui相关依赖）可直接放在此处
        }

 :aliases
  ;; 各平台专属JavaFX依赖
  :linux {:extra-deps
          {org.openjfx/javafx-base {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}
           org.openjfx/javafx-controls {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}
           org.openjfx/javafx-fxml {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}
           org.openjfx/javafx-graphics {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}
           org.openjfx/javafx-media {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}
           org.openjfx/javafx-web {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "linux"}}}
  :windows {:extra-deps
            {org.openjfx/javafx-base {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-controls {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-fxml {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-graphics {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-media {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-web {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "win"}}}
  :mac-intel {:extra-deps
              {org.openjfx/javafx-base {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}
               org.openjfx/javafx-controls {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}
               org.openjfx/javafx-fxml {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}
               org.openjfx/javafx-graphics {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}
               org.openjfx/javafx-media {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}
               org.openjfx/javafx-web {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac"}}}
  :mac-arm {:extra-deps
            {org.openjfx/javafx-base {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-controls {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-fxml {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-graphics {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-media {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}
             org.openjfx/javafx-web {:mvn/version "17.0.2" :classifier "mac-aarch64"}}}
  ;; 构建工具别名
  :build {:deps {io.github.clojure/tools.build {:git/tag "v0.9.4" :git/sha "76b78fe656279e89a4a0c6a73b7d8960f47b2036"}}
          :ns-default build}}}

1. 在项目根目录创建build.clj构建脚本，内容如下：

(ns build
  (:require [clojure.tools.build.api :as b]))

(defn uber [opts]
  (let [platform (or (:platform opts) "local")
        class-dir "target/classes"
        ;; 将your-app替换为实际的项目名
        uber-file (format "target/your-app-%s.jar" platform)
        ;; 将your.main.ns替换为项目的入口主命名空间
        main-ns 'your.main.ns]
    (b/delete {:path "target"})
    (b/copy-dir {:src-dirs ["src" "out/ui" "out/identicon"]
                 :target-dir class-dir})
    (b/compile-clj {:basis (b/create-basis {})
                    :src-dirs ["src"]
                    :class-dir class-dir})
    (b/uber {:class-dir class-dir
             :uber-file uber-file
             :basis (b/create-basis {})
             :main main-ns})))

2. 直接在当前开发系统执行对应命令，即可交叉编译出目标平台的带原生依赖uberjar，无需切换操作系统：
   • 编译Linux版本：clj -X:linux:build uber :platform linux
   • 编译Windows版本：clj -X:windows:build uber :platform windows
   • 编译Intel芯片Mac版本：clj -X:mac-intel:build uber :platform mac-intel
   • 编译苹果硅Mac版本：clj -X:mac-arm:build uber :platform mac-arm

• 禁止在公共:deps节点下放置任何无分类器的org.openjfx开头的依赖，否则会覆盖平台别名下的带分类器版本，导致原生库加载失败
• 如果项目不需要JavaFX的media、web组件，可以直接在对应平台别名中删除这两项依赖，缩小最终jar包体积
• 生成的jar包已内置对应平台的所有JavaFX原生依赖，目标机器无需单独安装JavaFX，仅需安装对应大版本的JDK即可通过java -jar 包名.jar直接运行

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sergei-Udris