使用RestAssured编写POST接口JUnit测试时遇NoHttpResponseException问题

我来帮你排查这个问题，你遇到的org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException本质是RestAssured向localhost:8080发送请求后，没有收到任何响应——大概率是你的Mock服务器没正确处理请求，或者请求本身存在配置问题，咱们一步步来解决：

1. 先确认MockRESTServer的有效性 #

你用的MockRESTServer看起来是自定义的Mock服务器，首先要确保它真的在8080端口正常启动，并且能正确路由/create的POST请求：

• 可以先跳过RestAssured，直接用curl命令测试Mock服务器：

  curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name":"policy123"}' http://localhost:8080/create
  

  如果curl也返回无响应，那问题出在Mock服务器本身，检查它的启动逻辑、路由映射是否正确，比如是否真的把PolicyResource绑定到了根路径。

2. 显式配置RestAssured的基础地址 #

虽然你代码里的请求路径看起来没问题，但显式指定base URI和端口能避免默认配置的潜在问题，修改测试代码：

@Test
public final void testCreatePolicy() {
    // 显式设置基础地址
    RestAssured.baseURI = "http://localhost";
    RestAssured.port = 8080;

    Policy policy=new Policy();
    policy.setName("policy123");
    RestAssured.with()
        .contentType("application/json")
        .accept("application/json")
        .body(policy)
        .post("/create")
        .then()
        .assertThat()
        .statusCode(200);
}

3. 检查Policy类的JSON序列化 #

RestAssured需要把Policy对象序列化成JSON字符串才能发送请求，如果你的Policy类没有正确配置序列化（比如缺少Jackson/Gson的注解，或者没有无参构造函数），会导致请求体格式错误，Mock服务器可能直接断开连接：

• 给Policy类添加必要的序列化配置，比如用Jackson的注解：

  import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
  
  public class Policy {
      @JsonProperty("name")
      private String name;
  
      // 必须要有无参构造函数，Jackson需要它来反序列化
      public Policy() {}
  
      public Policy(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
  
      // getter和setter
      public String getName() { return name; }
      public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
  }
  

• 或者手动把对象转成JSON字符串再传入body，避免自动序列化的问题：

  import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
  
  @Test
  public final void testCreatePolicy() throws Exception {
      RestAssured.baseURI = "http://localhost";
      RestAssured.port = 8080;
  
      Policy policy=new Policy();
      policy.setName("policy123");
      
      ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
      String policyJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(policy);
  
      RestAssured.with()
          .contentType("application/json")
          .accept("application/json")
          .body(policyJson)
          .post("/create")
          .then()
          .assertThat()
          .statusCode(200);
  }
  

4. 简化Mock服务器的响应逻辑 #

你的PolicyResource方法里的响应代码可以简化，Response.ok()已经默认返回200状态码，重复设置status(200)虽然没问题，但可以改成更简洁的写法，确保响应能正确返回：

@POST
@Path("/create")
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response test(Policy messageBody) {
    System.out.println("policy: "+messageBody);
    // 简化响应逻辑
    return Response.ok().build();
}

5. 排查端口占用问题 #

如果以上步骤都没问题，检查8080端口是否被其他程序占用，导致Mock服务器启动失败：

• Windows系统：打开命令提示符执行netstat -ano | findstr :8080，查看PID对应的程序，结束占用端口的进程后重新启动测试。
• Linux/Mac系统：执行lsof -i :8080查看占用端口的进程，用kill -9 <PID>结束进程。

附上你提供的原始代码和异常信息，方便对照：

测试类代码

public class PolicyResourceTest {
    private static MockRESTServer server;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
        server = new MockRESTServer(8080, new PolicyResource());
        server.start();
    }
    @AfterClass
    public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {
        server.stop();
    }
    @Test
    public final void testCreatePolicy() {
        Policy policy=new Policy();
        policy.setName("policy123");
        RestAssured.with()
            .contentType("application/json")
            .accept("application/json")
            .body(policy)
            .post("/create")
            .then()
            .assertThat()
            .statusCode(200);
    }
}

资源类代码

@Path("/")
public class PolicyResource {
    @POST
    @Path("/create")
    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    public Response test( Policy messageBody) {
        System.out.println("policy: "+messageBody);
        return Response.ok().status(200).build();
    }
}

异常信息

org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException: localhost:8080 failed to respond
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:141)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:56)
at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractMessageParser.parse(AbstractMessageParser.java:259)
at org.apache.http.impl.AbstractHttpClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(AbstractHttpClientConnection.java:281)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(DefaultClientConnection.java:257)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.ManagedClientConnectionImpl.receiveResponseHeader(ManagedClientConnectionImpl.java:207)
at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.doReceiveResponse(HttpRequestExecutor.java:273)
at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.execute(HttpRequestExecutor.java:125)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.tryExecute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:684)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:486)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.doExecute(AbstractHttpClient.java:835)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:83)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:56)
at org.apache.http.client.HttpClient$execute$0.call(Unknown Source)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:133)
at io.restassured.internal.RequestSpecificationImpl$RestAssuredHttpBuilder.doRequest(RequestSpecificationImpl.groovy:2028)
at io.restassured.internal.http.HTTPBuilder.post(HTTPBuilder.java:349)
at io.restassured.internal.http.HTTPBuilder$post$2.call(Unknown Source)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:133)
at io.restassured.internal.RequestSpecificationImpl.sendRequest(RequestSpecificationImpl.groovy:1202)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:93)
at groovy.lang.MetaMethod.doMethodInvoke(MetaMethod.java:325)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anju Singh