Github Codespaces导入discord_components报语法/导入错误求助

最新报错情况 #

编辑补充：
按照xcodz-dot给出的建议操作后，原有问题已部分修复，但client.py中触发了新的异常，报错追踪信息如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/workspaces/[repo_name]/resource.py", line 5, in <module>
    from discord_components import DiscordComponents, ButtonStyle, Button
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord_components/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .client import *
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord_components/client.py", line 3, in <module>
    from discord import (
ImportError: cannot import name 'Guild' from 'discord' (/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord/__init__.py)

问题定性：该报错属于依赖版本不匹配的独立故障，和你之前在compat.py、compatibility.py中将asyncio.async修改为getattr(asyncio, "async")的操作没有任何关联。

已初步修复的旧问题 #

使用Github Codespaces开发Discord机器人程序时，导入discord_components触发SyntaxError，Linux bash终端报错追踪如下：

@[username]➜ /workspaces/[repo_name] (main ✗) $ /opt/python/latest/bin/python /workspaces/SineBot/resource.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/workspaces/[repo_name]/resource.py", line 4, in <module>
    from discord_components import DiscordComponents, ButtonStyle, Button
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord_components/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .client import *
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord_components/client.py", line 3, in <module>
    from discord import (
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord/__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
    from .client import Client, AppInfo, ChannelPermissions
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord/client.py", line 38, in <module>
    from .state import ConnectionState
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord/state.py", line 36, in <module>
    from . import utils, compat
  File "/opt/python/3.10.4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/discord/compat.py", line 32
    create_task = asyncio.async
                          ^^^^^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

已尝试的排查操作 #

• 测试了相关技术问题下的所有公开解决方案
• 排除Python 3.5降级方案：项目依赖Python 3.10特性，降级成本极高无法落地
• 排除不存在的rewrite.zip安装包方案
• 调整导入顺序，先导入discord.py再导入discord_components，仍触发完全相同的异常
• 同版本代码在本地设备运行时，discord.py可正常加载

触发旧语法错误的compat.py（原文笔误写为combat.py）对应代码片段如下：

...
import concurrent.futures
import asyncio

try:
    create_task = asyncio.ensure_future
except AttributeError:
    create_task = asyncio.async # -> 异常触发位置


try:
    run_coroutine_threadsafe = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe
except AttributeError:
...

问题根因 #

两个报错的核心原因都是依赖版本错配：

1. 当前环境安装的是v0.x远古版本的discord.py，该版本使用了Python 3.7+已设为保留关键字的async作为asyncio模块的属性名，在Python 3.10环境下直接触发语法错误。之前修改源码绕过语法检查的操作只是临时补丁，没有解决根本问题。
2. 安装的discord_components是适配v1.0+版本discord.py的发行版，新版discord.py将Guild类放到了顶层导入路径，旧版v0.x discord.py没有这个顶层导出，所以绕过语法错误后立刻触发导入失败。

修复步骤 #

不需要手动修改任何依赖包的源码，按以下步骤重装正确版本的依赖即可*（全程不需要改compat.py等内置文件）*：

1. 卸载当前环境中所有错装的discord相关包，执行命令：

   pip uninstall -y discord.py discord discord-components
   

2. 安装适配Python 3.10的稳定版兼容依赖：

   pip install discord.py==2.3.2 discord-components==2.1.1
   

3. 重装完成后直接运行原有代码，两个报错都会自动消失。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anony Mous