Ubuntu配置dpkg失败报“Package dpkg is not configured yet.”求助

基础环境 #

• 系统版本：Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy，搭载Xfce桌面环境
• 内核版本：x86_64 Linux 5.15.0-23-generic
• 设备：HP248G1笔记本
• 已安装包数量：4191
• Shell版本：bash 5.1.16
• 桌面配置：Xfwm4窗口管理器，Sweet-Ambar窗口主题，Sweet-Dark GTK2主题，TheOne图标包，Noto Sans 10号字体
• 硬件配置：Intel Core i5-4200U处理器，Mesa Intel HD Graphics 4400核显，7871MiB内存，916G磁盘（已使用91%）

故障现象 #

• 执行以下包管理操作均会失败：
  • sudo apt upgrade
  • sudo apt install <任意包名>
  • sudo apt remove <任意包名>
  • sudo apt install -f
    核心报错信息如下：

  Setting up dpkg (1.21.1ubuntu2.1) ...
  head: error reading 'info.bak': Is a directory
  dpkg: error processing package dpkg (--configure):
   installed dpkg package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
  Errors were encountered while processing:
   dpkg
  

• sudo apt update可正常运行，无报错
• 执行sudo dpkg --configure -a时，dpkg包自身无法完成配置，连带导致多个依赖包无法完成配置，报错如下：

  Setting up dpkg (1.21.1ubuntu2.1) ...
  head: error reading 'info.bak': Is a directory
  dpkg: error processing package dpkg (--configure):
   installed dpkg package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libdpkg-perl:
   libdpkg-perl depends on dpkg (>= 1.18.11); however:
    Package dpkg is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package libdpkg-perl (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of dpkg-dev:
   dpkg-dev depends on libdpkg-perl (= 1.21.1ubuntu2); however:
    Package libdpkg-perl is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package dpkg-dev (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of pkg-config:
   pkg-config depends on libdpkg-perl; however:
    Package libdpkg-perl is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package pkg-config (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libglib2.0-dev:amd64:
   libglib2.0-dev:amd64 depends on pkg-config; however:
    Package pkg-config is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package libglib2.0-dev:amd64 (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libdbus-1-dev:amd64:
   libdbus-1-dev:amd64 depends on pkg-config; however:
    Package pkg-config is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package libdbus-1-dev:amd64 (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent processing triggers for install-info:
   install-info depends on dpkg (>= 1.16.1); however:
    Package dpkg is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package install-info (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving triggers unprocessed
  dpkg: dependency problems prevent processing triggers for sgml-base:
   sgml-base depends on dpkg (>= 1.16.4); however:
    Package dpkg is not configured yet.
  
  dpkg: error processing package sgml-base (--configure):
   dependency problems - leaving triggers unprocessed
  Errors were encountered while processing:
   dpkg
   libdpkg-perl
   dpkg-dev
   pkg-config
   libglib2.0-dev:amd64
   libdbus-1-dev:amd64
   install-info
   sgml-base
  

已排查项 #

• 已执行sudo chown root /修复根目录属主，故障无改善
• 已检查/、/dev、/var三个核心目录权限，均为root属主、755权限，无权限异常，目录状态如下：

  File: /
    Size: 4096        Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   directory
  Device: 801h/2049d  Inode: 2           Links: 20
  Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
    File: /dev
    Size: 4720        Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   directory
  Device: 5h/5d   Inode: 1           Links: 21
  Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
    File: /var
    Size: 4096        Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   directory
  Device: 801h/2049d  Inode: 5767169     Links: 15
  Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
  

故障根因 #

dpkg的postinst安装后脚本执行时，会调用head命令读取info.bak备份文件，当前dpkg工作目录/var/lib/dpkg/下存在一个同名的info.bak目录，导致head命令读取目标时识别到是目录而非文件，触发报错，中断dpkg自身的配置流程，连带所有依赖dpkg的包都无法完成配置。

修复步骤 #

1. 进入dpkg工作目录，确认异常目录存在：

   cd /var/lib/dpkg
   ls -ld info.bak
   

   若输出开头为d，即确认该路径为目录，是故障触发点。
2. 将异常目录改名备份（不要直接删除，避免丢失历史数据）：

   sudo mv info.bak info.bak.corrupted
   

3. 重新执行dpkg配置流程，修复所有未完成配置的包：

   sudo dpkg --configure -a
   

4. 执行依赖修复，验证包管理功能恢复正常：

   sudo apt install -f
   sudo apt update
   sudo apt upgrade
   

   所有命令执行无报错即修复完成。

若完成上述操作后仍报同类错误，先切换到空目录/tmp再执行dpkg相关命令，排查当前执行命令的工作目录下是否存在同名info.bak目录即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mblizzard