未启用IncludeAllContentForSelfExtract时单文件发布EXE运行PowerShell失败

环境信息 #

• 操作系统：Windows 10（已安装最新系统补丁）
• PowerShell SDK版本：7.2.4
• 项目框架：net6.0 控制台应用

复现代码 #

using System.Management.Automation;

Console.WriteLine("Test PowerShell Runner!");

var psInstance = PowerShell.Create();

psInstance.AddScript("(Get-Host).Name");

Console.WriteLine("Before Invoke.");
var returnObj = psInstance.Invoke();
Console.WriteLine("After Invoke.");

Console.WriteLine("Name: " + returnObj.First().BaseObject);

psInstance.Runspace?.Close();

Console.WriteLine("Was successful run");

项目配置（.csproj） #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
        <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
        <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
        <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    </PropertyGroup>
    <ItemGroup>
      <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.PowerShell.SDK" Version="7.2.4" />
    </ItemGroup>
</Project>

发布相关说明 #

• Rider、Visual Studio 下的默认单文件发布配置均可复现问题
• 出于代码逻辑保护需求，无法启用IncludeAllContentForSelfExtract配置（已测试开启该配置后程序可正常运行）
• IDE内调试、非单文件模式直接运行时程序执行正常，仅单文件发布版本运行失败
• 已尝试将PowerShell相关依赖dll放置在发布EXE同级目录，问题未解决

运行报错信息 #

C:\Projects\PSConsoleRunner\PSConsoleRunner\bin\Release\net6.0\publish>PSConsoleRunner.exe
Test PowerShell Runner!
Before Invoke.
Unhandled exception. System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'System.Management.Automation.ExperimentalFeature' threw an exception.
 ---> System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'System.Management.Automation.Configuration.PowerShellConfig' threw an exception.
 ---> System.ArgumentNullException: Value cannot be null. (Parameter 'path1')
   at System.IO.Path.Combine(String path1, String path2)
   at System.Management.Automation.Configuration.PowerShellConfig..ctor()
   at System.Management.Automation.Configuration.PowerShellConfig..cctor()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Management.Automation.ExperimentalFeature..cctor()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState.AddVariables(IEnumerable`1 variables)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState.CreateDefault()
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(PSHost host)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace()
   at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Worker.CreateRunspaceIfNeededAndDoWork(Runspace rsToUse, Boolean isSync)
   at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.CoreInvokeHelper[TInput,TOutput](PSDataCollection`1 input, PSDataCollection`1 output, PSInvocationSettings settings)
   at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.CoreInvoke[TInput,TOutput](PSDataCollection`1 input, PSDataCollection`1 output, PSInvocationSettings settings)
   at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Invoke(IEnumerable input, PSInvocationSettings settings)
   at System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.Invoke()
   at Program.<Main>$(String[] args) in C:\Projects\PSConsoleRunner\PSConsoleRunner\Program.cs:line 10

解决方案 #

该异常由PowerShell SDK 7.2.x版本对.NET单文件部署模式兼容缺陷导致：SDK初始化配置模块时无法正确获取PSHOME路径，向Path.Combine传入null参数触发空异常。可通过以下任意一种方式修复：

• 升级PowerShell SDK至7.3.0及以上版本，官方已在新版本中修复该单文件部署兼容问题
• 若需保留7.2.4版本，在创建PowerShell实例前手动指定PSHOME路径，代码示例：

// 手动指定PSHOME为程序运行根目录
Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PSHOME", AppContext.BaseDirectory);
var psInstance = PowerShell.Create();

• 发布时将PowerShell SDK附带的配置文件、资源文件全部输出到EXE同级目录，确保SDK初始化时可正常读取配置与依赖资源

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者JMcCoard