使用Tweepy查询多tweet_id的Twitter API公开指标报错排查

使用Tweepy调用Twitter API，获取多个tweet_id对应推文的public_metrics字段值，包含likes（点赞数）、retweets（转发数）、quotes（引用数）、replies（回复数）四类指标。

client = tweepy.Client(bearer_token, wait_on_rate_limit=True)

gathered_tweets = []
for response in tweepy.Paginator(client.get_tweets,
                                 query = '1537245238095323136, 1536973965394157569',
                                 tweet_fields = ['public_metrics'],
                                 max_results=100):
    time.sleep(1)
    gathered_tweets.append(response)



result = []
user_dict = {}
# Loop through each response object
for response in gathered_tweets:
  # Take all of the users, and put them into a dictionary of dictionaries with the info we want to keep
  for user in response.includes['users']:
      user_dict[user.id] = {'username': user.username,
                            'created_at': user.created_at
                            }
  for tweet in response.data:
      # For each tweet, find the author's information
      author_info = user_dict[tweet.author_id]
      # Put all of the information we want to keep in a single dictionary for each tweet
      result.append({'author_id': tweet.author_id,
                   'tweet_id': tweet.id,
                   'retweets': tweet.public_metrics['retweet_count'],
                   'replies': tweet.public_metrics['reply_count'],
                   'likes': tweet.public_metrics['like_count'],
                   'quotes': tweet.public_metrics['quote_count']
                   })

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-31-a0842c496bea> in <module>()
      9                                  query = '1537245238095323136,1536973965394157569',
     10                                  tweet_fields = ['public_metrics'],
---> 11                                  max_results=100):
     12     time.sleep(1)
     13     gathered_tweets.append(response)

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tweepy/pagination.py in __next__(self)
     96             self.kwargs["pagination_token"] = pagination_token
     97 
---> 98         response = self.method(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
     99 
    100         self.previous_token = response.meta.get("previous_token")

TypeError: get_tweets() missing 1 required positional argument: 'ids'

报错核心是代码存在3个用法错误：

• 参数名错误：get_tweets 接口接收目标推文ID的必填参数为ids，你代码里传的query是推文搜索类接口的参数，get_tweets根本不识别这个参数，自然会提示缺少必填的ids参数。
• 传参格式错误：文档提到的「逗号分隔ID、不要加空格」是底层原生HTTP API的要求，Tweepy作为SDK已经做了封装，直接传入ID组成的Python列表即可，不需要手动拼接字符串，你之前拼接的字符串里逗号后带了空格，就算参数名改对也会触发格式错误。
• 接口逻辑误用：get_tweets 单次请求最多支持查100个ID，接口本身没有分页机制，不需要使用Paginator；另外你代码里读取作者信息的逻辑缺少必要参数，默认接口不会返回作者数据，必须加expansions='author_id'声明要展开作者ID关联的用户信息，同时指定user_fields明确要返回的用户字段，否则response.includes里根本不会有users数据，会触发二次报错。

修正后的可运行代码如下：

import time
import tweepy

client = tweepy.Client(bearer_token, wait_on_rate_limit=True)

# 把要查询的推文ID放到列表里即可，支持整数、字符串两种格式的ID
tweet_ids = [1537245238095323136, 1536973965394157569]
# 单次请求最多传100个ID，ID总数超过100时手动切分批次循环调用即可，不需要分页器
response = client.get_tweets(
    ids=tweet_ids,
    tweet_fields=['public_metrics'],
    expansions='author_id',
    user_fields=['username', 'created_at']
)
time.sleep(1)

result = []
user_dict = {}
# 先解析返回的作者信息
for user in response.includes.get('users', []):
    user_dict[user.id] = {
        'username': user.username,
        'created_at': user.created_at
    }
# 再解析推文指标数据
for tweet in response.data:
    author_info = user_dict.get(tweet.author_id, {})
    result.append({
        'author_id': tweet.author_id,
        'author_username': author_info.get('username'),
        'tweet_id': tweet.id,
        'retweets': tweet.public_metrics['retweet_count'],
        'replies': tweet.public_metrics['reply_count'],
        'likes': tweet.public_metrics['like_count'],
        'quotes': tweet.public_metrics['quote_count']
    })

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者dsx