Mac M1 Monterey 12.3.1环境导入psycopg2报错求助

• 运行环境：搭载Apple M1芯片的Mac设备，系统版本为Monterey 12.3.1
• 触发流程：执行pip install -r requirements.txt命令安装psycopg2-binary==2.9.1后，本地启动Django项目执行python manage.py runserver命令时触发报错
• 完整报错信息：

main()
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/manage.py", line 25, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 343, in run_from_argv
    connections.close_all()
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 232, in close_all
    for alias in self:
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 226, in __iter__
    return iter(self.databases)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 153, in databases
    self._databases = settings.DATABASES
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 82, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 69, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 170, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.12/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 972, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 850, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/settings/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from settings.common import *
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/settings/common.py", line 16, in <module>
    from common.util import is_truthy
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/common/util.py", line 38, in <module>
    from psycopg2.extras import DateRange
  File "/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 51, in <module>
    from psycopg2._psycopg import (                     # noqa
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-39-darwin.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/gabrielnaughton/development/tamato/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-39-darwin.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e'))

报错本质是动态链接库架构不兼容：当前安装的psycopg2依赖二进制文件为x86_64架构，M1设备原生运行需要arm64e架构，常规高赞修复方案未生效时，可尝试以下落地解决方法。

• 方案1：排查并修正终端/虚拟环境的运行架构
  大部分修复无效的核心原因是当前终端或虚拟环境实际跑在Rosetta 2转译的x86模式下：
  1. 终端执行arch命令，若输出i386，需右键点击终端应用选择「显示简介」，取消勾选「使用Rosetta打开」，重启终端
  2. 激活虚拟环境后执行python -c "import platform; print(platform.machine())"，若输出x86_64，说明虚拟环境是x86架构下创建的，直接删除旧虚拟环境文件夹，重新创建arm架构虚拟环境后再安装依赖
• 方案2：源码编译安装适配arm64架构的对应版本
  若必须使用psycopg2-binary==2.9.1版本，可跳过预编译x86二进制包，本地编译适配：
  1. 先卸载所有旧版本残留：pip uninstall -y psycopg2 psycopg2-binary
  2. 安装编译所需的系统依赖：brew install postgresql openssl
  3. 强制使用本地源码编译安装，不抓取预编译包：pip install psycopg2-binary==2.9.1 --no-binary psycopg2-binary
• 方案3：升级到官方原生支持M1的稳定版本
  2.9.1版本的psycopg2-binary未提供M1芯片的arm64预编译包，属于已知兼容问题，若项目依赖版本允许，直接升级到2.9.3及以上稳定版本即可，官方已提供原生arm64架构预编译包，安装后无需额外配置：
  pip install "psycopg2-binary>=2.9.3"

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Gabe Naughton