运行程序提示未找到PyAudio，pip安装时报错缺少VC++14.0如何解决

运行依赖音频采集能力的Python代码时，常见如下报错：

AttributeError: Could not find PyAudio; check installation（属性错误：未找到PyAudio，请检查安装状态）

直接执行pip install pyaudio命令尝试安装依赖时，终端返回报错信息如下：

PS E:\MU\Sem 4\JARVIS\CODE> pip install pyaudio 
Collecting pyaudio
  Using cached PyAudio-0.2.11.tar.gz (37 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for pyaudio, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: pyaudio
  Running setup.py install for pyaudio ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for pyaudio did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [9 lines of output]
      running install
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.10
      copying src\pyaudio.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.10
      running build_ext
      building '_portaudio' extension
      error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Install Microsoft C++ Build Tools to get the required compilation environment.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> pyaudio

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

核心报错原因 #

PyAudio安装过程需要编译_portaudio底层扩展，本地环境缺少Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0及以上版本的编译工具链时，编译流程会直接中断，导致PyAudio没有被正确安装到Python环境中，运行相关代码时就会抛出找不到PyAudio的属性错误。

可用解决方法 #

任选一种方式操作即可完成安装：

• 安装Microsoft C++ Build Tools，安装时勾选「使用C++的桌面开发」组件，安装完成后重启终端，重新执行pip install pyaudio即可走源码编译流程正常完成安装
• 先执行pip install wheel安装wheel包管理组件，自行下载和本地Python版本、系统架构（32/64位）匹配的PyAudio预编译whl安装包，进入whl包所在的文件夹路径，执行pip install 下载得到的whl包完整文件名即可跳过本地编译步骤直接安装
• 执行pip install pipwin安装pipwin工具，工具安装完成后执行pipwin install pyaudio，工具会自动识别当前系统、Python版本，下载匹配的预编译PyAudio包自动完成安装，无需手动查找安装资源

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Harsh Majethia