Bash中使用正则表达式分割字符串失效问题解决

Bash 原生IFS不支持正则匹配规则，它只会把你传入的字符串拆成单个字符作为分隔符。你写的正则表达式会被拆解为(、[、0、9、-这类独立字符做分割，完全无法匹配你要的序号分隔格式。

用grep的PCRE模式匹配是最简洁稳定的方案，自动兼容序号前任意空白、跨换行的数字 -分隔场景，自动过滤开头无效空内容：

#!/bin/bash
s=' 
             1 - Tiendas HD StoreID,SellerID,Country,Flag,StoreName,Address,City,Latitude,Longitude,postalCode,state,localNumber,referenceLocation,businessUnit,fantasyName,legalName,alternativeId,assigneeDocumentNumber,assigneeDocumentType,assigneeEmail,assigneePhone,externalId,initHour,endHour,active,additionalData N001,1,Chile,Nike,Nike Las Condes,"Av. Pdte. Kennedy Lateral 9001, Las Condes, Región Metropolitana",Santiago,35.3333,21.2222,788977,Santiago,53A,frente al Easy,HD,Nike HD Kennedy,Nike LF Store LLC,N205,20833673‑8,RUT,feliperuiz@cencosud.com,569888777,vtexnikeqa001,09:00,20:00,1,"{ propety1: 3272, propetyN: ""default"",}" N001,1,Chile,Nike,Nike Las Condes,"Av. Pdte. Kennedy Lateral 9001, Las Condes, Región Metropolitana",Santiago,35.3333,21.2222,788977,Santiago,53A,frente al Easy,HD,Nike HD Kennedy,Nike LF Store LLC,N205,20833673‑8,RUT,feliperuiz@cencosud.com,569888777,vtexnikeqa001,09:00,20:00,1,"{ propety1: 3272, propetyN: ""default"",}" N001,1,Chile,Nike,Nike Las Condes,"Av. Pdte. Kennedy Lateral 9001, Las Condes, Región Metropolitana",Santiago,35.3333,21.2222,788977,Santiago,53A,frente al Easy,HD,Nike HD Kennedy,Nike LF Store LLC,N205,20833673‑8,RUT,feliperuiz@cencosud.com,569888777,vtexnikeqa001,09:00,20:00,1,"{ propety1: 3272, propetyN: ""default"",}" 
                               2 - Tiendas RT StoreID,SellerID,Country,Flag,StoreName,Address,City,Latitude,Longitude,postalCode,state,localNumber,referenceLocation,businessUnit,fantasyName,legalName,alternativeId,assigneeDocumentNumber,assigneeDocumentType,assigneeEmail,assigneePhone,externalId,initHour,endHour,active,additionalData N001,1,Chile,Nike,Nike Las Condes,"Av. Pdte. Kennedy Lateral 9001, Las Condes, Región Metropolitana",Santiago,35.3333,21.2222,788977,Santiago,53A,frente al Easy,HD,Nike HD Kennedy,Nike LF Store LLC,N205,20833673‑8,RUT,feliperuiz@cencosud.com,569888777,vtexnikeqa001,09:00,20:00,1,"{ propety1: 3272, propetyN: ""default"",}"'

# 拆分结果存入数组
IFS=$'\n' read -r -d '' -a store_segments < <(
  grep -Po '\s*\d+\s*-\s*\K.*' <<< "$s"
)

# 遍历输出结果
for seg in "${store_segments[@]}"; do
  echo "---> $seg"
done

正则逻辑说明 #

• \s*\d+\s*-\s*：匹配所有需要丢弃的分隔符部分：任意前置空白、数字序号、序号前后的空白、分隔横杠、横杠后的空白
• \K：标记忽略前面匹配到的分隔符内容，仅返回后续的有效文本
• .*：匹配分隔符后到行尾的所有门店数据内容

执行后输出结果完全符合预期，会得到两个独立的门店数据分段，不会把内容拆碎。

如果运行环境没有PCRE版本的grep，也可以用纯Bash内置正则实现，无外部依赖：

#!/bin/bash
s='替换为你的原始字符串'
store_segments=()
remaining="$s"
while [[ $remaining =~ [[:space:]]*[0-9]+[[:space:]]*-[[:space:]]*(.*) ]]; do
  current_part="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
  if [[ $current_part =~ ^(.*)[[:space:]]+[0-9]+[[:space:]]*-[[:space:]]*.*$ ]]; then
    store_segments+=("${BASH_REMATCH[1]}")
    remaining="${current_part:${#BASH_REMATCH[1]}}"
  else
    store_segments+=("$current_part")
    break
  fi
done
# 遍历数组即可拿到所有分段

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者José Castillo