Android聊天应用Cloud Firestore数据写入失败问题排查

问题现象 #

开发Android聊天应用时，已编写用户资料保存代码，但Cloud Firestore中无对应Users集合数据，导致RecyclerView无法从Firestore拉取用户列表完成渲染。

核心原因 #

代码存在异步流程时序错误，是导致数据无法写入的根因：

• 保存按钮点击逻辑中，调用sendDataForNewUser()后立刻执行页面跳转并finish当前Activity，但图片上传到Storage、获取图片下载URI、写入Firestore全是异步回调操作，此时Activity被销毁，异步任务被系统终止，根本执行不到Firestore写入逻辑。
• Firestore写入、图片上传、URI获取等操作均未添加失败回调，发生权限错误、网络错误、空指针异常时无任何提示，无法感知失败原因。
• 图片解码逻辑未做空判断，一旦图片读取失败触发空指针，会直接中断整个保存流程。

修复方案 #

• 调整页面跳转时机：移除保存按钮点击事件中立即跳转、关闭页面的逻辑，等所有异步流程（实时库写入、图片上传、Firestore写入）全部执行成功后，再执行页面跳转。
• 补全所有异步操作的失败回调：为每个Firebase异步任务添加失败监听，弹出错误提示方便定位问题，出错时及时关闭加载进度条避免卡死。
• 增加空值容错判断：图片解码后增加bitmap空校验，避免空指针崩溃中断流程。

修复后核心代码 #

保存按钮点击逻辑 #

msaveprofile.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        name = mgetusername.getText().toString();
        if(name.isEmpty()){
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Name is Empty", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if(imagepath == null){
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Image is Empty", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            sendDataForNewUser();
            // 移除此处的立即跳转、finish、进度条隐藏逻辑，等所有异步完成后再执行
        }
    }
});

图片上传方法 #

private void sendImagetoStorage() {
    StorageReference imageref = storageReference.child("Images").child(firebaseAuth.getUid()).child("Profile Pic");
    Bitmap bitmap = null;
    try {
        bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContentResolver(), imagepath);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Failed to read image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        return;
    }
    // 新增bitmap空判断
    if (bitmap == null) {
        mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Failed to parse image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        return;
    }
    ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 25, byteArrayOutputStream);
    byte[] data = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();

    UploadTask uploadTask = imageref.putBytes(data);
    uploadTask.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<UploadTask.TaskSnapshot>() {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(UploadTask.TaskSnapshot taskSnapshot) {
            imageref.getDownloadUrl().addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Uri>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(Uri uri) {
                    ImageUriAcessToken = uri.toString();
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "URI get Success", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    sendDataTocloudFireStore();
                }
            }).addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                    mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "URI get Failed: " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Image is uploaded", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }).addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
        @Override
        public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
            mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Image upload Failed: " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
}

Firestore写入方法 #

private void sendDataTocloudFireStore() {
    DocumentReference documentReference = firebaseFirestore.collection("Users").document(firebaseAuth.getUid());
    Map<String, Object> userdata = new HashMap<>();
    userdata.put("name", name);
    userdata.put("image", ImageUriAcessToken);
    userdata.put("uid", firebaseAuth.getUid());
    userdata.put("status", "Online");

    documentReference.set(userdata)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "User profile set Successfully", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                // 所有流程执行成功后再跳转页面
                Intent intent = new Intent(ControlDesk.this, Chat.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                finish();
            }
        })
        // 新增失败回调
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                mprogressbarofsetprofile.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Firestore write Failed: " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
}

额外配置检查 #

确认Firebase控制台Firestore安全规则配置正确，测试阶段可使用如下规则允许已登录用户写入自己的资料：

rules_version = '2';
service cloud.firestore {
  match /databases/{database}/documents {
    match /Users/{userId} {
      allow read, write: if request.auth != null && request.auth.uid == userId;
    }
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ayesha Anwer