Great question! Since Laravel's Eloquent doesn't have native support for MariaDB's Dynamic Columns, we can build a custom solution by extending Eloquent's core classes—just like Yii does with its DynamicActiveRecord implementation. Let's walk through a step-by-step approach to make this work in Laravel:

MariaDB uses dedicated SQL functions to handle dynamic columns:

• COLUMN_CREATE(): Initializes a new dynamic column with key-value pairs
• COLUMN_ADD(): Updates an existing dynamic column with new/updated key-value pairs
• COLUMN_GET(): Retrieves a specific value from a dynamic column by its key

Our Eloquent extension will wrap these functions to make them feel native to Laravel's workflow.

We'll build a base model that extends Laravel's default Model and adds dynamic column handling logic. This way, any model needing dynamic column support can inherit from this class.

// app/Models/DynamicModel.php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;

class DynamicModel extends Model
{
    // Define which columns in your table are dynamic (override this in child models)
    protected $dynamicColumns = [];

    // Temporary storage for dynamic attribute values before saving
    protected $dynamicAttributes = [];

    /**
     * Override attribute retrieval to fetch dynamic column values
     */
    public function __get($key)
    {
        // Check if the key exists in any registered dynamic column's attributes
        foreach ($this->dynamicColumns as $column) {
            if (isset($this->dynamicAttributes[$column][$key])) {
                return $this->dynamicAttributes[$column][$key];
            }
        }

        // Fallback to default Eloquent attribute retrieval
        return parent::__get($key);
    }

    /**
     * Override attribute setting to store dynamic values temporarily
     */
    public function __set($key, $value)
    {
        // If we have registered dynamic columns, route the attribute to the first one
        // (Adjust this logic if you need to map keys to specific dynamic columns)
        if (!empty($this->dynamicColumns)) {
            $targetColumn = $this->dynamicColumns[0];
            $this->dynamicAttributes[$targetColumn][$key] = $value;
            
            // Mark the dynamic column as dirty so it gets updated
            $this->attributes[$targetColumn] = $this->attributes[$targetColumn] ?? '';
            $this->dirty[$targetColumn] = true;
            return;
        }

        // Fallback to default Eloquent attribute setting
        parent::__set($key, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Prepare dynamic columns for insertion
     */
    protected function performInsert(Builder $query)
    {
        $this->processDynamicColumnsForSave();
        return parent::performInsert($query);
    }

    /**
     * Prepare dynamic columns for update
     */
    protected function performUpdate(Builder $query)
    {
        $this->processDynamicColumnsForSave();
        return parent::performUpdate($query);
    }

    /**
     * Convert temporary dynamic attributes to MariaDB-compatible SQL
     */
    protected function processDynamicColumnsForSave()
    {
        foreach ($this->dynamicColumns as $column) {
            if (!isset($this->dynamicAttributes[$column]) || empty($this->dynamicAttributes[$column])) {
                continue;
            }

            $existingValue = $this->original[$column] ?? '';
            $dynamicPairs = [];

            // Format key-value pairs for MariaDB functions
            foreach ($this->dynamicAttributes[$column] as $key => $value) {
                $dynamicPairs[] = sprintf("'%s', '%s'", $key, $value);
            }

            if ($existingValue) {
                // Update existing dynamic column with COLUMN_ADD
                $this->attributes[$column] = DB::raw("COLUMN_ADD($column, " . implode(', ', $dynamicPairs) . ")");
            } else {
                // Initialize new dynamic column with COLUMN_CREATE
                $this->attributes[$column] = DB::raw("COLUMN_CREATE(" . implode(', ', $dynamicPairs) . ")");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Query scope to select a value from a dynamic column
     */
    public function scopeSelectDynamic($query, $column, $key, $alias = null)
    {
        $alias = $alias ?: $key;
        return $query->addSelect(DB::raw("COLUMN_GET($column, '$key' AS CHAR) AS $alias"));
    }

    /**
     * Query scope to filter by a dynamic column value
     */
    public function scopeWhereDynamic($query, $column, $key, $operator, $value = null)
    {
        // Handle shorthand where (e.g., whereDynamic('metadata', 'color', 'Silver'))
        if (func_num_args() === 4) {
            $value = $operator;
            $operator = '=';
        }

        return $query->whereRaw("COLUMN_GET($column, '$key' AS CHAR) $operator ?", [$value]);
    }
}

Now, create a model for your table that uses dynamic columns, inheriting from our base DynamicModel:

// app/Models/Product.php
namespace App\Models;

class Product extends DynamicModel
{
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'price'];
    // Specify which column in your products table is the dynamic column
    protected $dynamicColumns = ['metadata'];
}

Here's how you'll interact with dynamic columns like they're regular Eloquent attributes:

// Create a product with dynamic attributes
$product = new Product();
$product->name = 'Wireless Headphones';
$product->price = 199.99;
// These are stored in the 'metadata' dynamic column
$product->battery_life = '30 hours';
$product->water_resistant = 'IPX5';
$product->save();

// Query products where dynamic column value matches
$waterResistantProducts = Product::selectDynamic('metadata', 'water_resistant')
    ->whereDynamic('metadata', 'water_resistant', 'IPX5')
    ->get();

// Access dynamic attributes like regular model attributes
echo $waterResistantProducts[0]->battery_life; // Outputs "30 hours"

• Data Type Support: Extend the logic to handle non-string types (e.g., COLUMN_GET(..., AS INT) for integers)
• Multiple Dynamic Columns: Update the __set method to map specific keys to different dynamic columns instead of using the first one
• Batch Assignment: Add a setDynamicAttributes(array $attributes) method to bulk-set dynamic values
• Model Events: Replace the overridden performInsert/performUpdate methods with saving model events for more flexibility
• Validation: Add custom validation rules for dynamic attributes to ensure data integrity

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者DolDurma