构建Flutter macOS应用时如何修改MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET

问题环境 #

• 硬件：M1芯片Mac设备
• 系统版本：macOS v12.4
• Flutter版本：v3.0.4（FVM管理）
• 构建命令：

~/fvm/versions/3.0.4/bin/flutter build macos --release

问题现象 #

构建过程中输出如下警告：

💪 Building with sound null safety 💪

Running pod install...                                             668ms
--- xcodebuild: WARNING: Using the first of multiple matching destinations:
{ platform:macOS, arch:arm64, id:00006000-001248980AE2801E }
{ platform:macOS, arch:x86_64, id:00006000-001248980AE2801E }
/Users/xxx/project/macos/Pods/Pods.xcodeproj: warning: The macOS deployment target 'MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET' is set to 10.6, but the range of supported deployment target versions is 10.9 to 12.3.99. (in target 'FMDB' from project 'Pods')
Building macOS application...

警告核心为：Pods项目下FMDB目标的MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET被设置为10.6，超出当前Xcode支持的10.9~12.3.99部署目标版本范围。

已尝试操作 #

• 手动将Pods和Runner的部署目标修改为10.11
• 在Xcode中完成Pods的macOS部署配置
• Podfile中已配置platform :osx, '10.11'，完整Podfile配置如下：

platform :osx, '10.11'

# CocoaPods analytics sends network stats synchronously affecting flutter build latency.
ENV['COCOAPODS_DISABLE_STATS'] = 'true'

project 'Runner', {
  'Debug' => :debug,
  'Profile' => :release,
  'Release' => :release,
}

def flutter_root
  generated_xcode_build_settings_path = File.expand_path(File.join('..', 'Flutter', 'ephemeral', 'Flutter-Generated.xcconfig'), __FILE__)
  unless File.exist?(generated_xcode_build_settings_path)
    raise "#{generated_xcode_build_settings_path} must exist. If you're running pod install manually, make sure \"flutter pub get\" is executed first"
  end

  File.foreach(generated_xcode_build_settings_path) do |line|
    matches = line.match(/FLUTTER_ROOT\=(.*)/)
    return matches[1].strip if matches
  end
  raise "FLUTTER_ROOT not found in #{generated_xcode_build_settings_path}. Try deleting Flutter-Generated.xcconfig, then run \"flutter pub get\""
end

require File.expand_path(File.join('packages', 'flutter_tools', 'bin', 'podhelper'), flutter_root)

flutter_macos_podfile_setup

target 'Runner' do
  use_frameworks!
  use_modular_headers!

  flutter_install_all_macos_pods File.dirname(File.realpath(__FILE__))
end

post_install do |installer|
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    flutter_additional_macos_build_settings(target)
  end
end

• 清理构建缓存后重新构建，警告仍然存在

问题原因 #

手动修改Xcode内Pods配置、仅在Podfile头部声明platform版本都不会永久生效。每次执行pod install时，CocoaPods会根据各个依赖库自身podspec中声明的最低部署版本重新生成Pods项目配置，部分老旧依赖（如本次的FMDB）自身声明的最低部署版本为10.6，会直接覆盖手动修改的配置。

修复步骤 #

1. 打开项目macos目录下的Podfile文件，找到原有post_install代码块，替换为如下内容，在钩子中强制统一所有依赖target的部署目标版本：

post_install do |installer|
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    flutter_additional_macos_build_settings(target)
    # 强制所有Pods依赖使用10.11作为最低macOS部署版本
    target.build_configurations.each do |config|
      config.build_settings['MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET'] = '10.11'
    end
  end
end

2. 清理旧的构建产物和Pods生成文件，在项目根目录依次执行以下命令：

# 清理Flutter构建缓存
flutter clean
# 删除macos目录下旧的Pods相关生成文件
rm -rf macos/Pods macos/Podfile.lock macos/Pods.xcodeproj
# 重新拉取依赖
flutter pub get
# 重新执行release构建
~/fvm/versions/3.0.4/bin/flutter build macos --release

补充说明 #

构建日志中同时出现arm64、x86_64多个匹配目标的警告是M1芯片设备上Xcode的正常提示，不影响最终构建产物，无需额外处理。
不要直接修改Pods目录下的任何配置文件，所有自定义规则必须写在Podfile中，否则下次执行pod install时手动修改的内容会被自动覆盖。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dolphin