WinUI配置免注册WinRT组件报DEP0700注册失败问题

问题现象 #

配置非打包桌面应用的免注册UWP WinRT组件时，持续收到组件未注册报错，部署阶段触发清单校验失败：

DEP0700: 应用注册失败。[0x80080204] 错误 0xC00CE012: 应用清单校验错误：清单不符合schema规范：第39行第8列，元素'{http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10}InProcessServer'内容不符合DTD/Schema要求，缺少预期的子节点{http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10}ActivatableClass。

检查自动生成的AppxManifest.xml发现，InProcessServer节点下仅配置了组件dll路径，没有自动生成必需的ActivatableClass条目。

已完成的配置 #

1. 属性表配置 #

按照官方教程创建Propertysheet.props属性表引入WinRT组件，配置内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" />
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup />
  <ItemDefinitionGroup />
  <ItemGroup />
    <ItemGroup>
        <Reference Include="C:\Users\User\Solution\x64\Debug\Component\Component.winmd">
            <IsWinmdFile>true</IsWinmdFile>
        </Reference>
        <ReferenceCopyLocationPaths Include="C:\Users\User\Solution\x64\Debug\Component\Component.dll">
            <IsWinmdFile>false</IsWinmdFile>
        </ReferenceCopyLocationPaths>
        <!--<Reference Include="C:\Users\User\Solution\x64\Debug\Component2\Component2.winmd">
            <IsWinmdFile>true</IsWinmdFile>
        </Reference>
        <ReferenceCopyLocationPaths Include="C:\Users\User\Solution\x64\Debug\Component2\Component2.dll">
            <IsWinmdFile>false</IsWinmdFile>
        </ReferenceCopyLocationPaths>-->
    </ItemGroup>
</Project>

编译解决方案后，Component组件的.winmd和.dll文件均可正常复制到主程序DUALITY.exe输出目录，但Component2仅自动复制了winmd文件，因此暂时注释了Component2的相关配置。后续通过属性管理器将该属性表添加到Application项目，添加后可视化添加引用功能被禁用，但引用本身可正常生效。

2. 应用清单配置 #

当前项目的app.manifest配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
  <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="Application.app"/>

  <application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
    <windowsSettings>
      <dpiAware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true/PM</dpiAware>
      <dpiAwareness xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2016/WindowsSettings">PerMonitorV2, PerMonitor</dpiAwareness>
    </windowsSettings>
  </application>
    
    
  <file name="Component.dll">
    <activatableClass
        name="Component.SubNamespace.Class"
        threadingModel="both"
        xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:winrt.v1" />
  </file>
  <!--<file name="Component2.dll">
    <activatableClass
        name="Component.PeregrineX12"
        threadingModel="both"
        xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:winrt.v1" />
  </file>-->
    
</assembly>

此前已排查过命名空间配置问题，尝试过多种命名空间写法均未解决报错。

自动生成的打包清单内容 #

编译生成的AppxManifest.xml完整内容如下，可见Extensions节点下的InProcessServer配置确实缺失ActivatableClass：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Package xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10" xmlns:uap="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/uap/windows10" xmlns:rescap="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10/restrictedcapabilities" IgnorableNamespaces="uap rescap build" xmlns:build="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/appx/2015/build">
  <Identity Name="837f0535-5d07-4290-983b-a49988c57b12" Publisher="CN=User" Version="1.0.0.0" ProcessorArchitecture="x64" />
  <Properties>
    <DisplayName>Application</DisplayName>
    <PublisherDisplayName>User</PublisherDisplayName>
    <Logo>Assets\StoreLogo.png</Logo>
  </Properties>
  <Dependencies>
    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.22000.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.17763.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.19041.0" />
    <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.WindowsAppRuntime.1.1" MinVersion="1001.524.1918.0" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
    <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug" MinVersion="14.0.30704.0" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
    <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug.UWPDesktop" MinVersion="14.0.30704.0" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
  </Dependencies>
  <Resources>
    <Resource Language="EN-US" />
  </Resources>
  <Applications>
    <Application Id="App" Executable="Application.exe" EntryPoint="Windows.FullTrustApplication">
      <uap:VisualElements DisplayName="Application" Description="DUALITY" BackgroundColor="transparent" Square150x150Logo="Assets\Square150x150Logo.png" Square44x44Logo="Assets\Square44x44Logo.png">
        <uap:DefaultTile Wide310x150Logo="Assets\Wide310x150Logo.png" />
        <uap:SplashScreen Image="Assets\SplashScreen.png" />
      </uap:VisualElements>
    </Application>
  </Applications>
  <Capabilities>
    <rescap:Capability Name="runFullTrust" />
  </Capabilities>
  <Extensions>
    <Extension Category="windows.activatableClass.inProcessServer">
      <InProcessServer>
        <Path>Component.dll</Path>
      </InProcessServer>
    </Extension>
  </Extensions>
  <build:Metadata>
    <build:Item Name="cl.exe" Version="19.31.31107.0" />
    <build:Item Name="OptimizingToolset" Value="None" />
    <build:Item Name="TargetRuntime" Value="Native" />
    <build:Item Name="Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Markup.Compiler.dll" Version="1.0.0.0" />
    <build:Item Name="Microsoft.UniversalCRT.Debug" Version="10.0.22000.0" />
    <build:Item Name="makepri.exe" Version="10.0.22621.1 (WinBuild.160101.0800)" />
  </build:Metadata>
</Package>

正常情况下该ActivatableClass节点应由构建流程自动生成，需要定位自动生成逻辑失效的原因并修复。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user358186