Windows环境Jenkins通过SSH克隆Git子模块报错cannot spawn ssh

Windows 10 CMD环境验证 #

在Windows CMD中执行以下命令时，所有操作运行正常，通过SSH拉取Git子模块也无异常：

git clone https://bbk.example.com/scm/myproject/myrepository.git
cd myrepository
git submodule update --init --recursive

子模块为SSH方式添加，需保持该配置不变，.gitmodules配置内容如下：

[submodule "submodules/validator"]
    path = submodules/validator
    url = ssh://git@bbk.example.com:7999/myproject/validator.git

系统相关程序路径如下：

where git
C:\Program Files\Git\cmd\git.exe

where ssh
C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\ssh.exe

已为Jenkins配置相同的Git路径，在配置的「Branch Sources」中添加了以下子模块行为：

Advanced sub-modules behaviours
- Recursively update submodules: 已勾选
- Use credentials from default remote of parent repository: 已勾选
- Path of the reference repo to use during submodule update: 留空

同时添加了Checkout over SSH选项并配置了对应SSH凭据。

Jenkins运行报错情况 #

Jenkins执行任务拉取子模块时失败，报错error: cannot spawn ssh: No such file or directory，完整执行日志如下：

using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials userpass
 > git fetch --no-tags --force --progress -- https://bbk.example.com/scm/myproject/myrepository.git +refs/heads/bug/AUTO-534/AUTO-744:refs/remotes/origin/bug/AUTO-534/AUTO-744 # timeout=10
Checking out Revision 2b300d6f20e615894152bdf1aab13efec55eed16 (bug/AUTO-534/AUTO-744)
 > git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
 > git checkout -f 2b300d6f20e615894152bdf1aab13efec55eed16 # timeout=10
Commit message: "test"
 > git rev-list --no-walk 2b300d6f20e615894152bdf1aab13efec55eed16 # timeout=10
 > git remote # timeout=10
 > git submodule init # timeout=10
 > git submodule sync # timeout=10
 > git config --get remote.origin.url # timeout=10
 > git submodule init # timeout=10
 > git config -f .gitmodules --get-regexp ^submodule\.(.+)\.url # timeout=10
 > git config --get submodule.submodules/validator.url # timeout=10
 > git remote # timeout=10
 > git config --get remote.origin.url # timeout=10
 > git config -f .gitmodules --get submodule.submodules/validator.path # timeout=10
using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials userpass
 > git submodule update --init --recursive submodules/validator # timeout=10
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Command "git submodule update --init --recursive submodules/validator" returned status code 1:
stdout: 
stderr: Cloning into 'C:/ProgramData/Jenkins/.jenkins/workspace/ation-core_bug_AUTO-534_AUTO-744/submodules/validator'...
error: cannot spawn ssh: No such file or directory
fatal: unable to fork
fatal: clone of 'ssh://git@bbk.example.com:7999/myproject/validator.git' into submodule path 'C:/ProgramData/Jenkins/.jenkins/workspace/ation-core_bug_AUTO-534_AUTO-744/submodules/validator' failed
Failed to clone 'submodules/validator'. Retry scheduled
Cloning into 'C:/ProgramData/Jenkins/.jenkins/workspace/ation-core_bug_AUTO-534_AUTO-744/submodules/validator'...
error: cannot spawn ssh: No such file or directory
fatal: unable to fork
fatal: clone of 'ssh://git@bbk.example.com:7999/myproject/validator.git' into submodule path 'C:/ProgramData/Jenkins/.jenkins/workspace/ation-core_bug_AUTO-534_AUTO-744/submodules/validator' failed
Failed to clone 'submodules/validator' a second time, aborting

    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommandIn(CliGitAPIImpl.java:2671)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommandWithCredentials(CliGitAPIImpl.java:2096)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.access$500(CliGitAPIImpl.java:84)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl$7.lambda$execute$0(CliGitAPIImpl.java:1505)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.TrustedListenableFutureTask$TrustedFutureInterruptibleTask.runInterruptibly(TrustedListenableFutureTask.java:131)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.InterruptibleTask.run(InterruptibleTask.java:74)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.TrustedListenableFutureTask.run(TrustedListenableFutureTask.java:82)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:515)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors$DirectExecutorService.execute(MoreExecutors.java:323)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService.submit(ExecutorCompletionService.java:184)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.cgit.GitCommandsExecutor.submitRemainingCommand(GitCommandsExecutor.java:98)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.cgit.GitCommandsExecutor.invokeAll(GitCommandsExecutor.java:87)
Caused: hudson.plugins.git.GitException
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.cgit.GitCommandsExecutor.checkResult(GitCommandsExecutor.java:110)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.cgit.GitCommandsExecutor.invokeAll(GitCommandsExecutor.java:91)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.cgit.GitCommandsExecutor.invokeAll(GitCommandsExecutor.java:49)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugin

环境信息 #

• Jenkins版本：2.332.3，通过java -jar "C:\Program Files\Jenkins\jenkins.war" --version验证
• 插件：Bitbucket Server Integration版本为3.2.2
• 系统环境变量已配置GIT_SSH = C:/Windows/System32/OpenSSH/ssh.exe
• 已通过PowerShell启用SSH相关服务，执行命令如下：

Set-Service -Name ssh-agent -StartupType Manual
Start-Service ssh-agent
ssh-add ~\.ssh\id_rsa

需求约束：主仓库可通过HTTP拉取，但子模块必须仅通过SSH方式下载。

已尝试方案 #

移除Jenkins内置的子模块行为配置，在流水线步骤中手动执行以下命令：

sh 'set GIT_SSH=C:\\Windows\\System32\\OpenSSH\\ssh.exe'
sh 'git submodule update --init --recursive'

仍然报相同错误，将路径中\\替换为/也无法解决问题。

如何修复error: cannot spawn ssh: No such file or directory错误，实现Jenkins正常通过SSH拉取Git子模块？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mercury