Python报'dict' object has no attribute 'append'错误解决方法

算力阿峰

2026-8-27

问题现象

编写Python爬虫抓取全国五金展参展商列表数据时，设计循环逻辑持续追加存储接口返回的参展商名称、邮箱、电话、官网、地址、代理品牌信息，运行代码时抛出AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'append'错误，原实现代码如下：

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json
import pandas as pd
headers = {
    'Accept-Language': 'en-GB,en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,pt;q=0.7',
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Origin': 'https://www.nationalhardwareshow.com',
    'Referer': 'https://www.nationalhardwareshow.com/',
    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',
    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',
    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'cross-site',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'accept': 'application/json',
    'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
    'sec-ch-ua': '".Not/A)Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="103", "Chromium";v="103"',
    'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
    'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Windows"',
}
base_url='https://api.reedexpo.com/v1/organisations/'

params = {
    'x-algolia-agent': 'Algolia for vanilla JavaScript 3.27.1',
    'x-algolia-application-id': 'XD0U5M6Y4R',
    'x-algolia-api-key': 'd5cd7d4ec26134ff4a34d736a7f9ad47',
}

data = '{"params":"query=&page=0&facetFilters=&optionalFilters=[]"}'

resp = requests.post('https://xd0u5m6y4r-3.algolianet.com/1/indexes/event-edition-eve-e6b1ae25-5b9f-457b-83b3-335667332366_en-us/query', params=params, headers=headers, data=data).json()
productlinks=[]
for item in resp['hits']:
    url=base_url+item['organisationGuid']+"/exhibiting-organisations?eventEditionId="+item['eventEditionExternalId']
    productlinks.append(url)
    
data=[]   
for link in productlinks:
    headers = {"x-clientid": "uhQVcmxLwXAjVtVpTvoerERiZSsNz0om"}
    data = requests.get(link, headers=headers).json()
    wev={}
    for t in data["_embedded"]:
        name=t['companyName']
        wev['name']=name
        email=t['email']
        wev['Email']=email
        telephone=t["phone"]
        wev['Telephone']=telephone
        link=t['website']
        wev['link']=link
        d=t["multilingual"]
        for u in d:
           k=u["address"]
           wev['address']=k
           n=u["representedBrands"]
           wev['brand']=n
           
           data.append(wev)
        
df=pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df)

错误根因

核心触发原因是变量名冲突覆盖：代码先初始化了用于存储全量参展商数据的列表data=[]，但在循环请求详情接口时，直接用data = requests.get(...).json()接收接口返回的字典类型响应，原本的列表变量被字典覆盖。后续执行data.append(wev)时，调用对象已经是字典，字典不存在append方法，直接抛出属性错误。
附带隐藏逻辑bug：单条参展商数据字典wev定义在遍历循环外层，循环过程中反复修改同一个字典对象的键值，最终列表中存储的所有条目都会指向最后一次赋值的内容，出现全量数据重复的问题；同时代码未做字段存在性校验，遇到接口返回缺字段的条目时会触发KeyError中断运行。

修复步骤

重命名存储全量结果的列表变量，和接口响应变量做明确区分，比如将存储列表改名为exhibitor_list，彻底避免变量覆盖。
调整wev字典的初始化位置，每次处理单条参展商/单条多语言记录时新建独立字典，避免引用同一个字典对象导致的数据覆盖。
增加字段容错逻辑，通过.get()方法读取字段，缺字段时赋值为空值，避免程序意外中断。

修复后可正常运行的代码如下：

import requests
import pandas as pd

headers = {
    'Accept-Language': 'en-GB,en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,pt;q=0.7',
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Origin': 'https://www.nationalhardwareshow.com',
    'Referer': 'https://www.nationalhardwareshow.com/',
    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',
    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',
    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'cross-site',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'accept': 'application/json',
    'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
    'sec-ch-ua': '".Not/A)Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="103", "Chromium";v="103"',
    'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
    'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Windows"',
}
base_url='https://api.reedexpo.com/v1/organisations/'

params = {
    'x-algolia-agent': 'Algolia for vanilla JavaScript 3.27.1',
    'x-algolia-application-id': 'XD0U5M6Y4R',
    'x-algolia-api-key': 'd5cd7d4ec26134ff4a34d736a7f9ad47',
}

search_data = '{"params":"query=&page=0&facetFilters=&optionalFilters=[]"}'
resp = requests.post('https://xd0u5m6y4r-3.algolianet.com/1/indexes/event-edition-eve-e6b1ae25-5b9f-457b-83b3-335667332366_en-us/query', params=params, headers=headers, data=search_data).json()
productlinks=[]
for item in resp['hits']:
    detail_url = base_url + item['organisationGuid'] + "/exhibiting-organisations?eventEditionId=" + item['eventEditionExternalId']
    productlinks.append(detail_url)
    
# 重命名存储全量数据的列表，避免和接口响应变量冲突
exhibitor_list = []
for link in productlinks:
    detail_headers = {"x-clientid": "uhQVcmxLwXAjVtVpTvoerERiZSsNz0om"}
    # 接口响应用独立变量名接收
    detail_resp = requests.get(link, headers=detail_headers).json()
    for t in detail_resp["_embedded"]:
        # 每处理一个参展商新建独立字典
        wev = {
            'name': t.get('companyName', ''),
            'Email': t.get('email', ''),
            'Telephone': t.get('phone', ''),
            'link': t.get('website', '')
        }
        multi_lang_list = t.get("multilingual", [])
        for u in multi_lang_list:
            # 多语言条目复制独立字典存储，避免覆盖
            item_data = wev.copy()
            item_data['address'] = u.get('address', '')
            item_data['brand'] = u.get('representedBrands', '')
            exhibitor_list.append(item_data)
        
df = pd.DataFrame(exhibitor_list)
print(df)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Amen Aziz