升级Spring Boot至2.7.1时出现org.springframework.boot.test包不存在错误求助

我们正在将Spring Boot版本升级至2.7.1，构建代码时遇到了package org.springframework.boot.test does not exist错误。

依赖片段 #

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.1</version>
</parent>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                    <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                    <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                 <exclusion>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.17.2</version>
</dependency>
        
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.17.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-1.2-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.17.2</version>
</dependency> 
<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
     <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
</dependency>

测试类示例 #

我们有多个使用@ContextConfiguration的测试类，以下是其中一个：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {
        ServicesConfig.class,
        RepositoryConfig.class,
        PropertySources.class,
        JmxConfig.class,
        UtilConfig.class,
        AsyncConfig.class,
        TenantIdentityConfig.class
})
@DirtiesContext
public abstract class AbstractAppInitializer {
}

补充说明：pom.xml中已定义spring-boot-starter-web依赖（内容与上述依赖片段中一致）。

解决方法 #

• 校验测试类路径：确保所有引用org.springframework.boot.test包的测试类都放在src/test/java目录下。因为spring-boot-starter-test的依赖范围是test，只有测试目录内的代码才能访问该依赖。
• 刷新Maven依赖：执行命令强制更新依赖，确保包正确下载：

  mvn clean install -U
  

• 排查依赖冲突：运行mvn dependency:tree查看依赖树，确认是否存在依赖冲突或意外排除了spring-boot-starter-test的相关组件，如有冲突需调整排除规则或指定版本。
• 替换过时测试注解：Spring Boot 2.7.x中@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)已过时，建议替换为@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)，适配新版本测试框架：

  @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
  @WebAppConfiguration
  @ContextConfiguration(classes = {
          ServicesConfig.class,
          RepositoryConfig.class,
          PropertySources.class,
          JmxConfig.class,
          UtilConfig.class,
          AsyncConfig.class,
          TenantIdentityConfig.class
  })
  @DirtiesContext
  public abstract class AbstractAppInitializer {
  }
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anish Sharma