Anaconda Spyder中Pygame程序二次运行触发致命错误求助

问题现象 #

在Anaconda的Spyder控制台中首次运行Pygame程序正常，第二次执行时触发致命的Fatal Python error: (pygame parachute) Segmentation Fault，仅能通过新建临时控制台临时解决，担心后续引发其他异常。

问题代码 #

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
board = pygame.display.set_mode((400,600))

#colors
black = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0)      
white = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255)  
grey = pygame.Color(128, 128, 128)   
red = pygame.Color(255, 0, 0)     
blue  = pygame.Color(0, 0, 255)  
green=pygame.Color(0,255,0)

board.fill(white)
pygame.display.set_caption("Sigil")

class Card (pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self,image,x,y):
        super().__init__() 
        #above is magic class code that shouldn't be messed with (mostly)
        #inuit only happens once

        self.x=x
        self.y=y 
        self.image=image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        board.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))

    def update(self):
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
 
        if event.key == pygame.K_w:
            self.rect.move_ip(0, -5)
           
        elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
            self.rect.move_ip(0,5)
           
        elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
            self.rect.move_ip(-5, 0)
           
        elif event.key == pygame.K_d:
            self.rect.move_ip(5, 0)
    def draw(self, surface):
        surface.blit(self.image, self.rect)     

test=pygame.image.load("Twitter-icon.png") #Make sure to add .png
test=pygame.transform.scale(test,(test.get_width()/2,test.get_height()/2))

P1 = Card(test,10,10)

print_message=pygame.USEREVENT + 0
pygame.time.set_timer(print_message, 3000) #can be used to make longer loops for your loop

#Frames Per Second
clock=pygame.time.Clock()
#Game Loop

while True:
     
      #All functions dependent on user input need to be part of this loop- event.get clears the event que
      for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit() 
        if event.type == print_message:
            print("Hello World")
        P1.update()
        board.fill(white)
        P1.draw(board)
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(20)

报错信息 #

Fatal Python error: (pygame parachute) Segmentation Fault

Thread 0x00008390 (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\parentpoller.py", line 97 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 926 in _bootstrap_inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x0000586c (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\zmq\sugar\socket.py", line 475 in recv_multipart
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\session.py", line 803 in recv
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\comms\frontendcomm.py", line 114 in poll_one
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\comms\frontendcomm.py", line 104 in poll_thread
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 870 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 926 in _bootstrap_inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x00005f14 (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 296 in wait
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 552 in wait
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\history.py", line 829 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\history.py", line 58 in needs_sqlite
File "", line 2 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 926 in _bootstrap_inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x00006c64 (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\heartbeat.py", line 100 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 926 in _bootstrap_inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x00006558 (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\selectors.py", line 314 in _select
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\selectors.py", line 323 in select
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 1746 in _run_once
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 538 in run_forever
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\platform\asyncio.py", line 153 in start
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\iostream.py", line 78 in _thread_main
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 870 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 926 in _bootstrap_inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Current thread 0x000060c8 (most recent call first):
File "C:\Users\HP\Documents\Python Scripts\Cardgame(sigil)prototype.py", line 4 in 
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 377 in exec_code
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 476 in runfile
File "", line 1 in 
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3331 in run_code
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3254 in run_ast_nodes
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3063 in run_cell_async
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\async_helpers.py", line 68 in _pseudo_sync_runner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 2886 in _run_cell
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 2858 in run_cell
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\zmqshell.py", line 536 in run_cell
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\ipkernel.py", line 300 in do_execute
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\gen.py", line 209 in wrapper
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py", line 541 in execute_request
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\gen.py", line 209 in wrapper
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py", line 268 in dispatch_shell
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\gen.py", line 209 in wrapper
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py", line 361 in process_one
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\gen.py", line 748 in run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\gen.py", line 787 in inner
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\ioloop.py", line 743 in _run_callback
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\ioloop.py", line 690 in 
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\events.py", line 88 in _run
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 1782 in _run_once
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 538 in run_forever
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\tornado\platform\asyncio.py", line 153 in start
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\kernelapp.py", line 583 in start
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\console\start.py", line 318 in main
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\console\__main__.py", line 11 in 
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\runpy.py", line 85 in _run_code
File "C:\Users\HP\anaconda3\lib\runpy.py", line 193 in _run_module_as_main

原因分析 #

1. Pygame资源残留：首次运行后调用pygame.quit()仅关闭窗口，Spyder的交互式控制台会保留全局变量和模块状态，第二次运行时pygame.display.set_mode()尝试重新创建窗口，触发资源冲突导致段错误。
2. 代码逻辑问题：
   • update方法直接引用全局event变量，未通过参数传递，存在逻辑错误。
   • 渲染、更新操作嵌套在event.get()循环内，每处理一个事件就执行一次渲染，逻辑混乱。
   • 退出时仅调用pygame.quit()，未终止程序循环，残留资源无法彻底释放。

解决方法 #

1. 修复代码结构，确保资源正确清理 #

修改后的代码：

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

def main():
    # 显式初始化Pygame
    pygame.init()
    board = pygame.display.set_mode((400,600))
    pygame.display.set_caption("Sigil")

    # 颜色定义
    black = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0)      
    white = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255)  
    grey = pygame.Color(128, 128, 128)   
    red = pygame.Color(255, 0, 0)     
    blue  = pygame.Color(0, 0, 255)  
    green=pygame.Color(0,255,0)

    class Card(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
        def __init__(self, image, x, y):
            super().__init__() 
            self.image = image
            self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=(x, y))

        def update(self, event=None):
            if event and event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_w:
                    self.rect.move_ip(0, -5)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
                    self.rect.move_ip(0,5)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
                    self.rect.move_ip(-5, 0)
                elif event.key == pygame.K_d:
                    self.rect.move_ip(5, 0)

        def draw(self, surface):
            surface.blit(self.image, self.rect)

    # 加载图片并添加异常处理
    try:
        test = pygame.image.load("Twitter-icon.png")
        test = pygame.transform.scale(test, (test.get_width()//2, test.get_height()//2))
    except pygame.error:
        print("无法加载图片，请检查路径是否正确")
        return

    P1 = Card(test, 10, 10)

    print_message = pygame.USEREVENT + 0
    pygame.time.set_timer(print_message, 3000)

    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    running = True

    while running:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT:
                running = False
            if event.type == print_message:
                print("Hello World")
            # 将事件传递给update方法
            P1.update(event)

        # 渲染操作移到事件循环外，保证每帧只渲染一次
        board.fill(white)
        P1.draw(board)
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(20)

    # 退出时彻底清理资源
    pygame.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2. Spyder运行设置调整 #

• 打开运行配置（Run > Configuration per file），勾选在独立的外部系统终端中运行，避免交互式控制台的资源冲突。
• 每次运行前，在控制台输入%reset -f，清除所有全局变量和模块状态后再执行程序。

关键修改说明 #

• 将代码封装在main()函数中，确保每次运行都是独立的初始化流程，避免全局变量残留。
• update方法通过参数接收event，避免引用全局变量的错误。
• 渲染操作移到事件循环外部，保证每帧只执行一次渲染，逻辑更清晰。
• 添加pygame.init()显式初始化，退出时设置running=False终止循环，再调用pygame.quit()彻底清理资源。
• 增加图片加载异常处理，避免因路径错误导致崩溃。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jocylin Francis