Pygame初始化后仍随机报错及关闭游戏时视频系统错误求助

你遇到的两个错误核心原因都是调用pygame.quit()后没有立即终止游戏循环，导致后续代码仍在调用已卸载的Pygame库功能，具体问题和修复方案如下：

错误原因分析 #

• 随机出现pygame.error: Library not initialized：当gameOver触发时，你设置了running = False并调用pygame.quit()，但循环并没有立即退出，后续的文本渲染、画面绘制等代码依然在执行，此时Pygame库已经被卸载，自然报错。
• 关闭游戏触发pygame.error: video system not initialized：点击关闭按钮时，只调用了pygame.quit()但未设置running = False，游戏循环继续运行，后续尝试操作视频相关功能（如screen.fill、pygame.display.flip）时，视频系统已经被关闭，导致报错。

修复后的完整代码 #

import pygame
import random
import time

# 初始化Pygame
pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()

class Target():
    def __init__(self, p, color):
        self.visible = True
        self.pos = p
        self.color = color
        self.startT = time.time()

    def isAlive(self):
        if time.time()-self.startT >= aliveTime:
            global gameOver
            gameOver = True
            return 0
        else:
            if self.visible:
                return 1
        return 0

    def colisionCheck(self, color):
        if color == pygame.Color(self.color):
            self.visible = False
            global alive
            global score
            alive -= 1
            score += 1

    def update(self):
        if self.isAlive():
            global targetSize
            pygame.draw.circle(screen, self.color, self.pos, targetSize)

class Circle(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, pos, color, *grps):
        super().__init__(*grps)
        self.image = pygame.Surface((32, 32))
        self.image.set_colorkey((1, 2, 3))
        self.image.fill((1, 2, 3))
        pygame.draw.circle(self.image, pygame.Color(color), (15, 15), 15)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)

running = True
gameOver = False
score = 0
frames = 0
targetSize = 20
aliveTime = 10
startAliveNum = 5
screenX = 1000
screenY = screenX*0.6
alive = startAliveNum
targets = []
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screenX, screenY))
font = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 12)
player = Circle(pygame.mouse.get_pos(), 'dodgerblue', targets)

pygame.display.set_caption('My Pygame game')
pygame.display.flip()

def newTargets(ammount):
    for i in range(ammount):
       pos = random.randint(50, screenX-50), random.randint(50, screenY-50)
       targets.append(Target(pos, (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))))

newTargets(5)

startT = time.time() + 0.000001
targetStartT = startT
while running:
    if gameOver:
        running = False
        # 先终止循环，再在循环外调用pygame.quit()
        continue
        
    frames += 1
    text = font.render("{:.2f}fps".format(frames/(time.time()-startT)), True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
    text2 = font.render("{:.2f} seconds left".format(targetStartT+10-time.time()), True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
    text3 = font.render("score: " + str(score), True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
    rect = text.get_rect()
    rect2 = text2.get_rect()
    rect2.center = (rect2.width/2, rect.height*1.5)
    rect3 = text3.get_rect()
    rect3.center = (rect3.width/2, rect.height*1.5*1.5)

    screen.fill((30, 30, 30))
    screen.blit(text, rect)
    screen.blit(text2, rect2)
    screen.blit(text3, rect3)
    player.rect.center = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
    player.update()
    
    if alive == 0:
        startAliveNum += 1
        newTargets(startAliveNum)
        alive += startAliveNum
        aliveTime += 0.5
        targetStartT = time.time() + 0.000001

    for i in range(len(targets)):
        targets[i].update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT: 
            running = False  # 先终止循环
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            color = screen.get_at(pygame.mouse.get_pos())
            for i in range(len(targets)):
                targets[i].colisionCheck(color)

    pygame.display.flip()

# 循环结束后统一调用pygame.quit()
pygame.quit()

关键修改点 #

• gameOver处理：将pygame.quit()移到循环外部，当gameOver时只设置running = False并continue跳过后续代码，确保循环正常退出后再卸载库
• 关闭事件处理：点击关闭按钮时，先设置running = False终止循环，不再直接调用pygame.quit()，避免循环继续执行后续Pygame操作
• 统一清理：所有游戏逻辑结束后，在循环外部统一调用pygame.quit()，保证所有Pygame操作都已完成后再卸载库

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者lukz