求助：Google Cloud Speech-to-Text服务账户密钥查找与环境变量设置

Hey Carol, totally get where you're coming from—Google Cloud's setup can feel a bit opaque when you're not deep in code, but let's break this down step by step, no jargon required.

Step 1: Download the Service Account Key JSON File #

Here's how to grab that crucial JSON file from the Google Cloud Console:

• Open the Google Cloud Console and select the project you already created.
• Use the top search bar to find IAM & Admin, then click into the Service Accounts page.
• Click the Create Service Account button at the top. Give it a simple name (like speech-to-text-service) and a quick description so you remember its purpose, then hit Create and Continue.
• Next, grant this service account permission to use the Speech-to-Text API. In the "Select a role" dropdown, search for and select either Cloud Speech-to-Text Client (basic access) or Cloud Speech-to-Text Admin (full access). Click Continue.
• Skip the third step (adding users to the service account) and click Done to return to the service accounts list.
• Find the service account you just created, click its name to open the details page.
• Switch to the Keys tab, then click Add Key > Create new key.
• Make sure the key type is set to JSON, then click Create. Your browser will automatically download the JSON file—save it somewhere easy to find, like your Documents folder.

Step 2: Set the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS Environment Variable #

This tells Google's tools where to find your key file. The steps vary a bit by operating system:

Windows #

• Press Win + R, type sysdm.cpl, and hit Enter to open the System Properties window.
• Go to the Advanced tab, then click Environment Variables.
• Under either "User variables" (only applies to your account) or "System variables" (applies to all users), click New.
• For Variable name, enter GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS.
• For Variable value, paste the full path to your downloaded JSON file (e.g., C:\Users\YourName\Documents\my-speech-key.json).
• Click OK on all open windows to save changes. Restart any command prompts or apps you're using for the variable to take effect.

Mac/Linux #

• Open your terminal app.

• If you use Bash (most Linux systems or older Macs), edit your profile file with:

  nano ~/.bash_profile
  

  Add this line (replace the path with your actual JSON file location):

  export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/Users/YourName/Documents/my-speech-key.json"
  

  Save the file (Ctrl+O, then Enter) and exit (Ctrl+X), then run source ~/.bash_profile to apply changes immediately.

• If you use Zsh (default on new Macs), edit your Zsh config instead:

  nano ~/.zshrc
  

  Add the same export line as above, save, exit, then run source ~/.zshrc.

Quick Tip #

Double-check the file path you enter—if there are spaces in the path, wrap it in quotes (like the examples above) to avoid errors.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Carol Leigh