使用pip 22.2安装bluepy失败求助（Python3.9.10环境）

问题背景 #

已安装Python 3.9.10和pip 22.2，执行pip3 install bluepy时持续报错，错误输出如下：

C:\Users\User>pip3 install bluepy
Collecting bluepy
  Using cached bluepy-1.3.0.tar.gz (217 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for bluepy, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: bluepy
  Running setup.py install for bluepy ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for bluepy did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [8 lines of output]
      H:\Python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py:717: UserWarning: Usage of dash-separated 'description-file' will not be supported in future versions. Please use the underscore name 'description_file' instead
        warnings.warn(
      running install
      running build
      running build_py
      error: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified
      Working dir is C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-zj6bo4s8\bluepy_8c28c6c23a27424498856c30a119129d
      execute make -C ./bluepy clean
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> bluepy

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

C:\Users\User>

已尝试的无效操作 #

• 参考过Stack Overflow相似问题的解决方案，未生效
• 重装过Python和pip，问题依然存在
• 已通过Visual Studio Installer安装如下组件：
  

可行解决方向 #

1. 安装make工具 #

报错提示execute make -C ./bluepy clean找不到文件，说明Windows环境缺少make命令，可通过以下方式补充：

• 安装MinGW-w64，勾选mingw32-make组件，将MinGW的bin目录（如C:\MinGW\bin）添加到系统环境变量PATH，再把mingw32-make.exe重命名为make.exe
• 安装Git for Windows，其自带make工具，安装时选择将Git添加到系统PATH，重启命令行即可使用

2. 安装wheel包避免legacy安装方式 #

先执行pip install wheel，再尝试安装bluepy：pip3 install bluepy，规避旧版setup.py install的安装逻辑

3. 补齐Windows蓝牙开发依赖 #

bluepy依赖蓝牙相关开发库，Windows环境需确认：

• 已安装最新蓝牙驱动
• 蓝牙服务（Bluetooth Support Service）处于运行状态
• 在Visual Studio Installer中添加对应版本的Windows SDK，并勾选蓝牙开发相关组件

4. 更换兼容Windows的替代库 #

若bluepy安装始终受阻，可尝试使用pybluez替代，执行pip install pybluez即可安装

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jannis