使用rbenv安装Ruby 3.1.2遇缺失扩展错误，求解决方案

安装Ruby 3.1.2时触发如下构建失败错误：

BUILD FAILED (macOS 12.4 using ruby-build 20220713)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/bw/rs138g1n5zv_qwn7_7kggc9r0000gq/T/ruby-build.20220719230321.35067.BRya3b
Results logged to /var/folders/bw/rs138g1n5zv_qwn7_7kggc9r0000gq/T/ruby-build.20220719230321.35067.log

Last 10 log lines:
The Ruby yaml extension was not compiled.
ERROR: Ruby install aborted due to missing extensions
Configure options used:
  --prefix=/Users/some_user/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2
  --with-openssl-dir=/Users/some_user/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2/openssl
  --enable-shared
  --with-readline-dir=/usr/local/opt/readline
  CC=clang
  LDFLAGS=-L/Users/some_user/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2/lib
  CPPFLAGS=-I/Users/some_user/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2/include

已尝试的操作：

• 执行brew update、brew install ruby-build、brew install rbenv后运行rbenv install 3.1.2
• 重新安装rbenv和ruby-build
• 尝试安装Ruby 3.1.0（出现相同错误）
• 设置环境变量后安装：

  RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl-dir=`brew --prefix openssl` --with-readline-dir=`brew --prefix readline` --with-libyaml-dir=`brew --prefix libyaml`" rbenv install 3.1.2
  

当前rbenv版本为1.2.0，求解决方法。

解决步骤 #

• 确保libyaml安装完好
  执行brew install libyaml，若已安装则执行brew reinstall libyaml修复可能损坏的文件。
• 清理ruby-build临时文件
  删除本次安装的临时工作目录：

  rm -rf /var/folders/bw/rs138g1n5zv_qwn7_7kggc9r0000gq/T/ruby-build.20220719230321.35067.BRya3b
  

  或者直接清理所有ruby-build临时文件：

  rm -rf /var/folders/bw/rs138g1n5zv_qwn7_7kggc9r0000gq/T/ruby-build.*
  

• 调整环境变量设置方式
  先手动获取依赖的绝对路径：

  brew --prefix openssl
  brew --prefix readline
  brew --prefix libyaml
  

  然后将这些路径直接写入配置变量，避免动态获取可能的路径问题，例如：

  RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/opt/openssl --with-readline-dir=/usr/local/opt/readline --with-libyaml-dir=/usr/local/opt/libyaml" rbenv install 3.1.2
  

• 检查Xcode Command Line Tools完整性
  执行xcode-select --install安装完整的命令行工具，若已安装则执行xcode-select --reset重置后再尝试安装。
• 排除环境变量干扰
  先清空可能冲突的LDFLAGS和CPPFLAGS，再执行安装：

  unset LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS
  RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl-dir=$(brew --prefix openssl) --with-readline-dir=$(brew --prefix readline) --with-libyaml-dir=$(brew --prefix libyaml)" rbenv install 3.1.2
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mr_muscle