Node-OPC-UA读取S7-1500自定义DataType首次报错后续正常问题咨询

环境与问题描述 #

使用Node v16.14.2 + Node-OPC-UA v2.75.0，读取S7-1500中带有自定义DataType的大型ExtensionObject时，出现以下情况：

• 首次读取会输出大量Cannot find dataType Definition错误日志
• 报错后读取功能恢复正常，能成功获取数据
• 服务器端无异常，已启用对<=1.3版本DataType的支持

错误输出 #

17:20:35.217Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=2;i=6522
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.240Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.293Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=2;i=6525
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.294Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.347Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=3;i=3400
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.348Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.441Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=3;i=3500
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.443Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.732Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=2;i=15889
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.734Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.798Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:50    Error Error:  Cannot find dataType Definition ! with nodeId =ns=2;i=15888
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:34:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
17:20:35.800Z :populate_data_type_manager_104:177   err= Error
 ...                                                    at assert (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-assert\source\index.ts:12:21)
 ...                                                    at C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\source\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.ts:175:19
 ...                                                    at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
 ...                                                    at fulfilled (C:\Users\me\Desktop\my-opcua-client\node_modules\node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object\dist\private\populate_data_type_manager_104.js:5:58)
 ...                                                    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)

相关代码逻辑 #

const opcClient = OPCUAClient.create({
  applicationName: 'my-opc-client',
  securityMode: MessageSecurityMode.None,
  securityPolicy: SecurityPolicy.None,
  endpointMustExist: true,
  keepSessionAlive: true,
});
await opcClient.connect(<myIp>);
const opcSession = await opcClient.createSession();

opcClient.on('close', () => {
  logger.error('OPC-Client has closed the connection');
});

opcClient.on('abort', () => {
  logger.error('OPC-Client has aborted the connection');
});

opcClient.on('connected', () => {
  logger.error('OPC-Client is connected');
});

opcClient.on('connection_lost', () => {
  logger.error('OPC-Client has lost the connection');
});

opcClient.on('connection_reestablished', () => {
  logger.info('OPC-Client has reestablished the connection');
});

const mainLoop = async () => {
  try {
    const processData = await opcSession.read(
       [
         { nodeId: 'ns=3;s="020_FIFO_OPCUA"."Setpoints"' },
         { nodeId: 'ns=3;s="020_FIFO_OPCUA"."Actuals"' }
       ]
    );
    await writeToDatabase(processData);
    setTimeout(() => mainLoop(), 500);
  } catch (error : any) {
    logger.error(error.message);
    setTimeout(() => mainLoop(), 5000);
  }
};
mainLoop();

问题分析与解决方法 #

核心原因 #

首次读取时，Node-OPC-UA客户端尚未从服务器加载完整的自定义DataType定义，就尝试解析ExtensionObject，导致找不到对应DataType节点的定义而报错。后续读取时，客户端已缓存了这些DataType定义，因此能正常解析数据。

解决措施 #

1. 主动预加载自定义DataType
   在建立会话后、首次读取数据前，主动加载服务器上的所有自定义DataType定义。可以通过浏览服务器的DataType文件夹（NodeId为ns=0;i=2253），然后读取每个自定义DataType的节点信息，让客户端提前缓存：

   // 示例：浏览DataType文件夹并加载定义
   const browseResult = await opcSession.browse("ns=0;i=2253");
   for (const reference of browseResult.references) {
     if (reference.nodeClass === NodeClass.DataType) {
       await opcSession.read({ nodeId: reference.nodeId, attributeId: AttributeIds.DataTypeDefinition });
     }
   }
   

2. 使用官方API初始化DataType管理器
   调用Node-OPC-UA提供的populateDataTypeManager方法，在会话建立后主动触发DataType管理器的初始化，确保所有自定义DataType都被加载完成：

   const { populateDataTypeManager } = require("node-opcua-client-dynamic-extension-object");
   // 初始化DataType管理器
   await populateDataTypeManager(opcSession);
   // 再启动读取循环
   mainLoop();
   

3. 延迟首次读取
   在会话建立后，延迟几秒再启动mainLoop，给客户端足够时间自动加载DataType定义。这种方法简单但依赖网络稳定性，适合测试场景：

   // 会话建立后延迟3秒启动读取
   setTimeout(() => mainLoop(), 3000);
   

4. 检查权限配置
   确认客户端对报错中提到的DataType节点（如ns=2;i=6522等）有读取权限，服务器需允许客户端获取这些节点的定义信息。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者David