为URL添加主键后出现NoReverseMatch错误的排查求助

我是编程新手，在Django项目的urls模块中为URL地址添加主键（pk）后出现了NoReverseMatch错误。以下是项目相关代码文件：

原项目代码文件 #

settings.py #

from pathlib import Path
import os

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
TEMPLATES_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"templates")

SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-6mtsgnhk=-=5ka0-e4619v0_uq)s+t=dtybe8^ojwmg1gwoj**'
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'g7app',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'g7.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [TEMPLATES_DIR,],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'g7.wsgi.application'

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}

urls.py #

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from g7app.views import CreatePost,View1,View2,EditPost,DeleteView,CreatePost

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path("",View1.as_view(),name="home"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/",View2.as_view(),name="post_detail"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/post_edit/",EditPost.as_view(),name="post_edit"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/post_delete/",DeleteView.as_view(),name="post_delete"),
    path("post/new/",CreatePost.as_view(),name="post_new"),
]

admin.py #

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Student

admin.site.register(Student)

models.py #

from django.db import models
from django.urls import reverse

class Student(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=100)
    description=models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("post_detail", args=[self.pk])

views.py #

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from .models import Student

class View1(ListView):
    context_object_name="con1"
    template_name="home.html"
    model=Student

class View2(DetailView):
    context_object_name="con2"
    template_name="post_detail.html"
    model=Student

class CreatePost(CreateView):
    fields=["name","description"]
    template_name="create_post.html"
    model=Student

class EditPost(UpdateView):
    fields=["description"]
    template_name="edit_post.html"
    model=Student

class DeleteView(DeleteView):
    template_name="delete_post.html"
    model=Student
    success_url=reverse_lazy("home")

base.html #

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<HTML>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Blog Application</h1>
        {% block c1 %}
            <h2><a href="{% url 'post_new' %}">+Create_Post</a></h2>
        {% endblock c1 %}
    </body>
</HTML>

home.html #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
    {% for Student in con1 %}
        <h2><a href="{% url 'post_detail' Student.pk %}">{{Student.name}}</a></h2>
        <h4>{{Student.description}}</h4>
    {% endfor %}
{% endblock c1 %}

post_detail.html #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
    <div>
        <h2>{{con2.name}}</h2>
        <h4>{{con2.description}}</h4>
    </div>

    <p><a href="{% url 'post_edit' Student.pk %}">Edit post</a></p>
    <p><a href="{% url 'post_delete' Student.pk %}">Delete post</a></p>
{% endblock c1 %}

create_post.html #

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<HTML>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        {% extends "base.html" %}
        {% block c1 %}
            <form method="post">
                {csrf_token}
                {{form.as_p}}
                <input type="submit" value="save">
            </form>
        {% endblock c1 %}
    </body>
</HTML>

edit_post.html #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
<div>
    <h3>edit information</h3>
    <form method="post">
        {csrf_token}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="save">
    </form>
</div>
{% endblock c1 %}

delete_post.html #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
<div>
    <h3>delet post</h3>
    <form method="post">
        {csrf_token}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="save">
    </form>
</div>
{% endblock c1 %}

错误原因分析 #

1. 模板变量引用错误：post_detail.html中，DetailView指定了context_object_name="con2"，但模板里错误地使用了Student.pk，模板上下文中不存在名为Student的变量，导致无法生成正确的URL。
2. CSRF标签语法错误：多个模板中的{csrf_token}缺少百分号，正确写法应为{% csrf_token %}，否则Django无法识别该标签。
3. 视图类名冲突：views.py中自定义的DeleteView与导入的django.views.generic.edit.DeleteView重名，导致视图无法正常加载。
4. 拼写错误：delete_post.html中的标题"delet post"应为"delete post"。

修复后的代码 #

1. post_detail.html（修正变量引用） #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
    <div>
        <h2>{{con2.name}}</h2>
        <h4>{{con2.description}}</h4>
    </div>

    <p><a href="{% url 'post_edit' con2.pk %}">Edit post</a></p>
    <p><a href="{% url 'post_delete' con2.pk %}">Delete post</a></p>
{% endblock c1 %}

2. views.py（修改DeleteView类名避免冲突） #

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from .models import Student

class View1(ListView):
    context_object_name="con1"
    template_name="home.html"
    model=Student

class View2(DetailView):
    context_object_name="con2"
    template_name="post_detail.html"
    model=Student

class CreatePost(CreateView):
    fields=["name","description"]
    template_name="create_post.html"
    model=Student

class EditPost(UpdateView):
    fields=["description"]
    template_name="edit_post.html"
    model=Student

# 重命名类名，避免与导入的DeleteView冲突
class StudentDeleteView(DeleteView):
    template_name="delete_post.html"
    model=Student
    success_url=reverse_lazy("home")

3. urls.py（更新DeleteView的引用） #

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from g7app.views import CreatePost, View1, View2, EditPost, StudentDeleteView

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path("", View1.as_view(), name="home"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/", View2.as_view(), name="post_detail"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/post_edit/", EditPost.as_view(), name="post_edit"),
    path("post/<int:pk>/post_delete/", StudentDeleteView.as_view(), name="post_delete"),
    path("post/new/", CreatePost.as_view(), name="post_new"),
]

4. create_post.html（修正CSRF标签） #

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block c1 %}
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="save">
    </form>
{% endblock c1 %}

5. edit_post.html（修正CSRF标签） #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
<div>
    <h3>edit information</h3>
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="save">
    </form>
</div>
{% endblock c1 %}

6. delete_post.html（修正拼写和CSRF标签） #

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block c1 %}
<div>
    <h3>delete post</h3>
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="save">
    </form>
</div>
{% endblock c1 %}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dhani