如何使用Python Selenium点击g标签内的path元素（附代码求修复）

前置准备 #

• 在项目目录下创建form_data.txt文件，写入以下内容：

Mark Couwell Erkek 29 07 1988 Pasport I-AG 266556

修复后的完整代码 #

import time
from selenium import webdriver 
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class Project:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.main()

    def find_the_place_path(self):
        # 获取所有path标签，定位指定座位
        all_place_in_path = self.driver.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, "path")
        for place in all_place_in_path:
            title = place.get_attribute('title')
            print(title)
            if title == "gat: 3":
                print("已进入gat:3座位区域")
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(
                    EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//*[name()='path' and @title='gat: 3']"))
                ).click()
                time.sleep(2)
                break

    def find_the_place_rect(self):
        # 获取所有rect标签，定位指定座位
        all_place_in_rect = self.driver.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, "rect")
        for place in all_place_in_rect:
            title = place.get_attribute('title')
            print(title)
            if title == "gat: 2":
                print("已进入gat:2座位区域")
                btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[name()='rect' and @title='gat: 2']")
                btn.click()
                break
            elif title == "gat: 3":
                print("检测到gat:3座位")

    def input_data(self):
        # 读取form_data.txt中的用户信息
        with open("form_data.txt","r", encoding="utf-8") as data:
            line = data.readline().strip()
            if line:
                words = line.split()
                first_name = words[0]
                last_name = words[1]
                gender = words[2]
                bday = words[3]
                bmoth = words[4]
                byear = words[5]
                document_type = words[6]
                document_snumber = words[7]
                document_number = words[8]

        time.sleep(3)
        # 填写手机号
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "phone").send_keys('61260799')
        # 选择性别
        jyns = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "jyns"))
        jyns.select_by_visible_text(gender)
        # 填写姓名
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'lastname').send_keys(last_name)
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'name').send_keys(first_name)
        # 填写邮箱
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "email").send_keys("welbekowallanur@gmail.com")
        # 选择证件类型
        passport = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "passport"))
        passport.select_by_visible_text(document_type)
        # 等待证件区域加载并选择证件地区
        WebDriverWait(self.driver, 5).until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'passport_code_b'))
        )
        pass_region = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 
            'div.first > div.slide > div.info_r > div.wrap > ul > li > div > div.passport_code_b > div:nth-child(1)'
        )
        passport_region = Select(pass_region.find_element(By.ID, "passport"))
        passport_region.select_by_visible_text(document_snumber)
        # 填写证件号码
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'code').send_keys(document_number)
        # 选择出生日期
        day = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "bday"))
        day.select_by_visible_text(bday)
        month = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "bmonth"))
        month.select_by_visible_text(f"{bmoth} - Iýul")
        year = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "byear"))
        year.select_by_visible_text(byear)
        # 尝试填写疫苗信息
        try:
            self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "kepilnama").send_keys("321")
        except:
            print("未找到疫苗信息输入框")
        # 点击选择座位按钮
        time.sleep(2)
        choose_place_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[4]/div[3]/div[4]/div/button")
        choose_place_btn.click()
        time.sleep(2)
        # 定位座位
        self.find_the_place_path()
        # self.payment()

    def main(self):
        # 打开官网并最大化窗口
        self.driver.get("https://railway.gov.tm/")
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        # 选择出发地
        from_select = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "one_way"))
        from_select.select_by_visible_text("Aşgabat")
        # 选择目的地
        to_select = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "two_way"))
        to_select.select_by_visible_text("Daşoguz")
        # 设置出发日期
        self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById('search_date').setAttribute('data-value', '2022-07-29');")
        time.sleep(1)
        # 点击搜索按钮
        btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/a")
        btn.click()
        time.sleep(2)
        # 检查可用车票
        self.check_ticken()

    def check_ticken(self):
        # 查找可用座位
        li_elements = self.driver.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, "li")
        for li in li_elements:
            class_name = li.get_attribute('class').strip()
            print(f"检测到座位类名：{class_name}")
            if class_name == "seat_1":
                print("找到可用座位，开始选择")
                li.click()
                self.input_data()
                break
            elif class_name == "seat_":
                print("当前无可用座位，重新刷新页面尝试")
                self.driver.refresh()
                time.sleep(2)
                self.main()
                break

    def payment(self):
        # 模拟支付信息填写
        card_number = "9931020202020202"
        card_holder = "ALLANUR WELBEKOW"
        cvc = "999"
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='pan_visible']").send_keys(card_number)
        # 选择月份
        d_month_select = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "month"))
        d_month_select.select_by_visible_text("Июль")
        # 选择年份
        d_year_select = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "year"))
        d_year_select.select_by_visible_text("2035")
        # 填写持卡人姓名和CVC
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='iTEXT']").send_keys(card_holder)
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='iCVC']").send_keys(cvc)
 
if __name__=="__main__":
   pr = Project()  

主要修复点 #

• 类方法缩进错误：原代码中main()、find_the_place_path()等方法未缩进，不属于Project类，已修正为类成员方法。
• 过时API替换：将find_elements_by_tag_name()、find_element_by_id()等旧方法替换为Selenium 4.x支持的find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, ...)写法。
• 文件操作优化：使用with语句自动管理文件资源，避免文件未关闭的问题，同时添加编码声明确保读取特殊字符正常。
• 座位定位逻辑修正：修改find_the_place_path()中的XPATH，直接通过@title属性定位目标座位，避免无效路径匹配；修正Java风格的driver.findElement为Python的driver.find_element。
• 类名判断优化：在check_ticken()中对获取的class名进行strip()处理，避免多余空格导致匹配失败。
• 支付模块错误修复：修正payment()中误将d_year_select使用d_month_select调用方法的错误。
• 冗余导入清理：移除ast、asyncio等无用导入模块，精简代码结构。
• 代码可读性提升：添加中文注释，拆分长表达式，统一变量命名风格。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Allanur1999