Python 3.6.13虚拟环境Jupyter Kernel启动失败（WinError123）求助

问题详情 #

近期在VS Code的Python交互窗口无法运行任何代码（包括print("Hello world")），启动Kernel时提示：
Failed to start the Kernel. OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确: '"c:'

使用环境：

• Windows 11 Pro 64位系统
• Anaconda管理的Python 3.6.13虚拟环境（名称为ERSSA），已安装ipykernel
• Python 3.9.7环境可正常运行Jupyter Kernel

部分日志内容 #

warn 9:21:53.633: DataScience Error [o [Error]: The kernel died. Error: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelapp.py", line 248, in init_connection_file
    self.connection_file = filefind(self.connection_file, ['.', self.connection_dir])
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipython_genutils\path.py", line 72, in filefind
    (filename, path_dirs) )
OSError: File 'c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\AppData\\Roaming\\jupyter\\runtime\\kernel-v2-16516MdNhf67cgpvm.json' does not exist in any of the search paths: ['.', 'C:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\AppData\\Roaming\\jupyter\\runtime']

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 16, in <module>
    app.launch_new_instance()
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\traitlets\config\application.py", line 663, in launch_instance
    app.initialize(argv)
  File "<decorator-gen-125>", line 2, in initialize
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\traitlets\config\application.py", line 87, in catch_config_error
    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelapp.py", line 572, in initialize
    self.init_connection_file()
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelapp.py", line 252, in init_connection_file
    ensure_dir_exists(os.path.dirname(self.abs_connection_file), 0o700)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\site-packages\ipython_genutils\path.py", line 167, in ensure_dir_exists
    os.makedirs(path, mode=mode)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\os.py", line 210, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\os.py", line 210, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\os.py", line 210, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)
  [Previous line repeated 3 more times]
  File "c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.conda\envs\ERSSA\lib\os.py", line 220, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确: '"c:'... View Jupyter [log](command:jupyter.viewOutput) for further details.
  at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.vscode\extensions\ms-toolsai.jupyter-2022.7.1001951036\out\extension.node.js:2:2345235)
  at ChildProcess.emit (node:events:402:35)
  at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (node:internal/child_process:290:12)] {
  category: 'kerneldied',
  kernelConnectionMetadata: {
    kind: 'startUsingPythonInterpreter',
    kernelSpec: {
      specFile: 'c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.vscode\\extensions\\ms-toolsai.jupyter-2022.7.1001951036\\temp\\jupyter\\kernels\\python3613jvsc74a57bd0a85b755b206659c3403d1cc179901771ab1197b156960f6bf546d22992d48a39\\kernel.json',
      interpreterPath: 'c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\python.exe',
      isRegisteredByVSC: 'registeredByNewVersionOfExt',
      name: 'python3613jvsc74a57bd0a85b755b206659c3403d1cc179901771ab1197b156960f6bf546d22992d48a39',
      argv: [Array],
      language: 'python',
      executable: 'python',
      display_name: "Python 3.6.13 ('ERSSA')",
      metadata: [Object],
      env: {}
    },
    interpreter: {
      id: 'C:\\USERS\\LUDWIG HAGELSTEIN\\.CONDA\\ENVS\\ERSSA\\PYTHON.EXE',
      sysPrefix: 'C:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA',
      envType: 'Conda',
      envName: 'ERSSA',
      envPath: [w],
      architecture: 3,
      sysVersion: '3.6.13 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Mar 16 2021, 11:37:27) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)]',
      version: [Object],
      companyDisplayName: 'Anaconda, Inc.',
      displayName: "Python 3.6.13 ('ERSSA')",
      detailedDisplayName: "Python 3.6.13 ('ERSSA': conda)",
      uri: [w]
    },
    id: '.jvsc74a57bd0a85b755b206659c3403d1cc179901771ab1197b156960f6bf546d22992d48a39.c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\python.exe.c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\python.exe.-m#ipykernel_launcher'
  },
  exitCode: 1,
  stdErr: 'Traceback (most recent call last):\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipykernel\\kernelapp.py", line 248, in init_connection_file\r\n' +
    "    self.connection_file = filefind(self.connection_file, ['.', self.connection_dir])\r\n" +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipython_genutils\\path.py", line 72, in filefind\r\n' +
    '    (filename, path_dirs) )\r\n' +
    "OSError: File 'c:\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\\\\\\\AppData\\\\\\\\Roaming\\\\\\\\jupyter\\\\\\\\runtime\\\\\\\\kernel-v2-16516MdNhf67cgpvm.json' does not exist in any of the search paths: ['.', 'C:\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\\\\\\\AppData\\\\\\\\Roaming\\\\\\\\jupyter\\\\\\\\runtime']\r\n" +
    '\r\n' +
    'During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\r\n' +
    '\r\n' +
    'Traceback (most recent call last):\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main\r\n' +
    '    "__main__", mod_spec)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code\r\n' +
    '    exec(code, run_globals)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 16, in <module>\r\n' +
    '    app.launch_new_instance()\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\traitlets\\config\\application.py", line 663, in launch_instance\r\n' +
    '    app.initialize(argv)\r\n' +
    '  File "<decorator-gen-125>", line 2, in initialize\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\traitlets\\config\\application.py", line 87, in catch_config_error\r\n' +
    '    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipykernel\\kernelapp.py", line 572, in initialize\r\n' +
    '    self.init_connection_file()\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipykernel\\kernelapp.py", line 252, in init_connection_file\r\n' +
    '    ensure_dir_exists(os.path.dirname(self.abs_connection_file), 0o700)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\site-packages\\ipython_genutils\\path.py", line 167, in ensure_dir_exists\r\n' +
    '    os.makedirs(path, mode=mode)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\os.py", line 210, in makedirs\r\n' +
    '    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\os.py", line 210, in makedirs\r\n' +
    '    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\os.py", line 210, in makedirs\r\n' +
    '    makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)\r\n' +
    '  [Previous line repeated 3 more times]\r\n' +
    '  File "c:\\Users\\Ludwig Hagelstein\\.conda\\envs\\ERSSA\\lib\\os.py", line 220, in makedirs\r\n' +
    '    mkdir(name, mode)\r\n' +
    `OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确: '"c:'\r\n`
}
info 9:21:53.702: Process Execution: > ~\.conda\envs\ERSSA\python.exe -c "import ipykernel"
> ~\.conda\envs\ERSSA\python.exe -c "import ipykernel"

解决方案 #

1. 重新注册虚拟环境的ipykernel #

• 打开Anaconda Prompt，激活目标环境：

  conda activate ERSSA
  

• 重新安装并注册ipykernel：

  python -m ipykernel install --user --name ERSSA --display-name "Python 3.6.13 ('ERSSA')"
  

• 关闭并重新打开VS Code，选择对应的Kernel尝试运行代码。

2. 删除VS Code生成的临时Kernel配置 #

• 找到VS Code的临时Kernel目录：
  c:\Users\Ludwig Hagelstein\.vscode\extensions\ms-toolsai.jupyter-2022.7.1001951036\temp\jupyter\kernels
• 删除其中名称为python3613jvsc74a57bd0a85b755b206659c3403d1cc179901771ab1197b156960f6bf546d22992d48a39的文件夹
• 重启VS Code，让它自动生成正确的Kernel配置文件。

3. 检查系统环境变量中的路径格式 #

• 打开Windows系统环境变量（右键此电脑→属性→高级系统设置→环境变量）
• 检查PATH、PYTHONPATH等变量，确保所有路径没有被多余的双引号包裹（比如"c:\xxx"要改为c:\xxx）
• 保存修改后重启电脑，再尝试启动Kernel。

4. 安装兼容Python 3.6的ipykernel版本 #

Python 3.6已停止维护，高版本ipykernel可能存在兼容性问题，尝试安装指定版本：

conda activate ERSSA
pip install ipykernel==5.5.6
python -m ipykernel install --user --name ERSSA --display-name "Python 3.6.13 ('ERSSA')"

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者luidwig