考试评分程序函数传参异常：返回变量未被引用问题求助

问题根源 #

1. 调用userinput()时未接收返回值，导致allinputs变量未定义
2. 调用points()、pass_percentage()等函数时未接收返回结果，后续使用的gradepoints、passorfail等变量均未在主程序中声明
3. 两处逻辑小问题：
   • pass_percentage中通过率计算错误（用通过人数除以不及格人数，而非总人数）
   • grades_distribution中打印等级的循环缺少计数器递减，会触发无限循环

修正后的完整代码 #

def userinput():
    allinputs = []
    while True:
        try:
            results = list(map(int, input('Exam points and exercises completed: ').split(' ')))
            allinputs.append(results)
        except ValueError:
            break
    return allinputs

def points(allinputs):
    exampoints = []
    exercises = []
    exercises_converted = []
    gradepoints = []
    counter = 0
    for i in allinputs:
        exampoints.append(i[0])
        exercises.append(i[1])
    for e in exercises:
        exercises_converted.append(e//10)
    for p in exampoints:
        p2 = exercises_converted[counter]
        gradepoints.append(p + p2)
        counter += 1
    return (gradepoints, exampoints, exercises_converted)

def average(gradepoints):
    avg_float = sum(gradepoints) / len(gradepoints)
    points_avg = round(avg_float, 1)
    return points_avg

def pass_percentage(exercises_converted, exampoints):
    failexam = []
    passexam = []
    passorfail = []
    i = 0
    while i < len(exampoints):
        if exampoints[i] < 10 or exercises_converted[i] + exampoints[i] < 15:
            failexam.append("fail")
            passorfail.append(0)
        else:
            passexam.append("pass")
            passorfail.append(1)
        i += 1
    # 修正通过率计算：通过人数/总人数，处理空列表情况
    total = len(exampoints)
    percentage_float = len(passexam)/total if total > 0 else 0
    percentage = round(percentage_float * 100, 1)  # 转为百分比格式
    return (percentage, passorfail)

def grades_distribution(passorfail, gradepoints):
    grades = []
    i = 0
    l = 5
    while i < len(gradepoints):
        if passorfail[i] == 0:
            grades.append(0)
        elif passorfail[i] != 0 and gradepoints[i] >= 15 and gradepoints[i] <= 17:
            grades.append(1)
        elif passorfail[i] != 0 and gradepoints[i] >= 18 and gradepoints[i] <= 20:
            grades.append(2)
        elif passorfail[i] != 0 and gradepoints[i] >= 21 and gradepoints[i] <= 23:
            grades.append(3)
        elif passorfail[i] != 0 and gradepoints[i] >= 24 and gradepoints[i] <= 27:
            grades.append(4)
        elif passorfail[i] != 0 and gradepoints[i] >= 28 and gradepoints[i] <= 30:
            grades.append(5)
        i += 1
    # 添加l -= 1避免无限循环
    while l >= 0:
        print(l, ": ", "*" * grades.count(l))
        l -= 1
    return

# 主程序修正：接收所有函数返回值
allinputs = userinput()
print("Statistics:")
gradepoints, exampoints, exercises_converted = points(allinputs)
print(f"Points average: {average(gradepoints)}")
percentage, passorfail = pass_percentage(exercises_converted, exampoints)
print(f"Pass percentage: {percentage}%")
print("Grade distribution")
grades_distribution(passorfail, gradepoints)

关键修改点 #

• 将userinput()的返回值赋值给allinputs变量，确保后续调用points()时有合法参数
• 接收points()返回的三个变量，供后续函数使用
• 接收pass_percentage()返回的通过率和及格状态列表
• 修正通过率计算逻辑，改为通过人数除以总人数，并转为百分比格式
• 在grades_distribution的打印循环中添加l -= 1，终止循环

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Josiah Peace