Git克隆VB.NET WinForm项目：My.Resources无法识别（.gitignore问题）

问题背景 #

最近遇到一个头疼的小问题：从远程Git仓库克隆了一个VB.NET WinForm项目后，所有.Designers.vb文件都报找不到My.Resources的错误。但奇怪的是，直接从同事电脑拷贝整个项目就能正常运行，而且右键查看解决方案时，所有资源文件明明都在那里。

项目原本的.gitignore内容如下：

## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.
# User-specific files
*.suo
*.user
*.userosscache
*.sln.docstates
# User-specific files (MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio)
*.userprefs
# Build results
[Dd]ebug/
[Dd]ebugPublic/
[Rr]elease/
[Rr]eleases/
[Xx]64/
[Xx]86/
[Bb]uild/
bld/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/
# Visual Studio 2015 cache/options directory
.vs/
# Uncomment if you have tasks that create the project's static files in wwwroot
#wwwroot/
# MSTest test Results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*
# NUNIT
*.VisualState.xml
TestResult.xml
# Build Results of an ATL Project
[Dd]ebugPS/
[Rr]eleasePS/
dlldata.c
# DNX
project.lock.json
artifacts/
*_i.c
*_p.c
*_i.h
*.ilk
*.meta
*.obj
*.pch
*.pdb
*.pgc
*.pgd
*.rsp
*.sbr
*.tlb
*.tli
*.tlh
*.tmp
*.tmp_proj
*.log
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
.builds
*.pidb
*.svclog
*.scc
# Chutzpah Test files
_Chutzpah*
# Visual C++ cache files
ipch/
*.aps
*.ncb
*.opendb
*.opensdf
*.sdf
*.cachefile
*.VC.db
# Visual Studio profiler
*.psess
*.vsp
*.vspx
*.sap
# TFS 2012 Local Workspace
$tf/
# Guidance Automation Toolkit
*.gpState
# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper
*.DotSettings.user
# JustCode is a .NET coding add-in
.JustCode
# TeamCity is a build add-in
_TeamCity*
# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
*.dotCover
# NCrunch
_NCrunch_*
.*crunch*.local.xml
nCrunchTemp_*
# MightyMoose
*.mm.*
AutoTest.Net/
# Web workbench (sass)
.sass-cache/
# Installshield output folder
[Ee]xpress/
# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
DocProject/buildhelp/
DocProject/Help/*.HxT
DocProject/Help/*.HxC
DocProject/Help/*.hhc
DocProject/Help/*.hhk
DocProject/Help/*.hhp
DocProject/Help/Html2
DocProject/Help/html
# Click-Once directory
publish/
# Publish Web Output
*.[Pp]ublish.xml
*.azurePubxml
# TODO: Un-comment the next line if you do not want to checkin
# your web deploy settings because they may include unencrypted
# passwords
#*.pubxml
*.publishproj
# NuGet Packages
*.nupkg
# The packages folder can be ignored because of Package Restore
**/packages/*
# except build/, which is used as an MSBuild target.
!**/packages/build/
# Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed
#!**/packages/repositories.config
# NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignoreable files
*.nuget.props
*.nuget.targets
# Microsoft Azure Build Output
csx/
*.build.csdef
# Microsoft Azure Emulator
ecf/
rcf/
# Windows Store app package directory
AppPackages/
BundleArtifacts/
# Visual Studio cache files
# files ending in .cache can be ignored
*.[Cc]ache
# but keep track of directories ending in .cache
!*.[Cc]ache/
# Others
ClientBin/
[Ss]tyle[Cc]op.*
~$*
*~
*.dbmdl
*.dbproj.schemaview
*.pfx
*.publishsettings
node_modules/
orleans.codegen.cs
# RIA/Silverlight projects
Generated_Code/
# Backup & report files from converting an old project file
# to a newer Visual Studio version. Backup files are not needed,
# because we have git ;-)
_UpgradeReport_Files/
Backup*/
UpgradeLog*.XML
UpgradeLog*.htm
# SQL Server files
*.mdf
*.ldf
# Business Intelligence projects
*.rdl.data
*.bim.layout
*.bim_*.settings
# Microsoft Fakes
FakesAssemblies/
# GhostDoc plugin setting file
*.GhostDoc.xml
# Node.js Tools for Visual Studio
.ntvs_analysis.dat
# Visual Studio 6 build log
*.plg
# Visual Studio 6 workspace options file
*.opt
# Visual Studio LightSwitch build output
**/*.HTMLClient/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.DesktopClient/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.DesktopClient/ModelManifest.xml
**/*.Server/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.Server/ModelManifest.xml
_Pvt_Extensions
# LightSwitch generated files
GeneratedArtifacts/
ModelManifest.xml
# Paket dependency manager
.paket/paket.exe
# FAKE - F# Make
.fake/

解决步骤 #

折腾了半天，终于找到问题根源：.gitignore里对构建输出目录的忽略规则导致必要的资源生成文件没有被纳入版本控制。我注释掉了以下几条规则后，重新拉取项目并构建，.Designers.vb的报错就消失了：

• #[Dd]ebug/
• #[Rr]elease/
• #[Xx]64/
• #[Xx]86/
• #[Bb]uild/
• #[Bb]in/
• #[Oo]bj/

一点补充说明 #

VB.NET的My.Resources机制依赖于项目构建时生成的资源绑定文件，这些文件默认存放在bin/、obj/或者Debug/Release这类构建目录下。当Git忽略这些目录后，克隆项目时这些关键文件不会被拉取，而本地首次构建可能没有自动生成完整的资源绑定文件，就导致了设计器找不到My.Resources的问题。

当然，完全取消忽略这些目录可能不是最优解——毕竟里面有很多临时构建文件。后续可以根据团队需求调整.gitignore，比如只保留资源相关的生成文件，忽略其他无关的临时文件，这样既解决问题又不会让仓库体积变大。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者NiceToMytyuk